Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages
Abstract Background Basalt is the most common igneous rock on the Earth’s surface covering. Basalt-associated microorganisms drive the cycling and sequestration of different elements such as nitrogen, carbon and other nutrients, which facilitate subsequent pioneer and plant development, impacting lo...
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doaj-d0bc901ff41c4a7dbd20d6ec882609c42020-11-24T23:57:12ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802018-09-0118111110.1186/s12866-018-1262-0Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different agesBo Byloos0Pieter Monsieurs1Mohamed Mysara2Natalie Leys3Nico Boon4Rob Van Houdt5Microbiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CENMicrobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CENMicrobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CENMicrobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CENCenter for Microbial Ecology & Technology (CMET), Ghent UniversityMicrobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CENAbstract Background Basalt is the most common igneous rock on the Earth’s surface covering. Basalt-associated microorganisms drive the cycling and sequestration of different elements such as nitrogen, carbon and other nutrients, which facilitate subsequent pioneer and plant development, impacting long-term regulation of the Earth’s temperature and biosphere. The initial processes of colonization and subsequent rock weathering by microbial communities are still poorly understood and relatively few data are available on the diversity and richness of the communities inhabiting successive and chronological lava flows. In this study, the bacterial communities present on lava deposits from different eruptions of the 1975–84 Krafla Fires (32-, 35- and 39-year old, respectively) at the Krafla, Iceland, were determined. Results Three sites were sampled for each deposit (32-, 35- and 39-year old), two proximal sites (at 10 m distance) and one more distant site (at 100 m from the two other sites). The determined chemical composition and metal concentrations were similar for the three basalt deposits. No significant differences were observed in the total number of cells in each flow. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that the most abundant classified phylum across the 3 flows was Proteobacteria, although predominance of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes was observed for some sampling sites. In addition, a considerable fraction of the operational taxonomic units remained unclassified. Alpha diversity (Shannon, inverse Simpson and Chao), HOMOVA and AMOVA only showed a significant difference for Shannon between the 32- and 39-year old flow (p < 0.05). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that age significantly (p = 0.026) influenced the leftward movement along NMDS axis 1. Conclusions Although NMDS indicated that the (relatively small) age difference of the deposits appeared to impact the bacterial community, this analysis was not consistent with AMOVA and HOMOVA, indicating no significant difference in community structure. The combined results drive us to conclude that the (relatively small) age differences of the deposits do not appear to be the main factor shaping the microbial communities. Probably other factors such as spatial heterogeneity, associated carbon content, exogenous rain precipitations and wind also affect the diversity and dynamics.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-018-1262-0BasaltLavaKraflaIcelandChronosequence16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Bo Byloos Pieter Monsieurs Mohamed Mysara Natalie Leys Nico Boon Rob Van Houdt |
spellingShingle |
Bo Byloos Pieter Monsieurs Mohamed Mysara Natalie Leys Nico Boon Rob Van Houdt Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages BMC Microbiology Basalt Lava Krafla Iceland Chronosequence 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing |
author_facet |
Bo Byloos Pieter Monsieurs Mohamed Mysara Natalie Leys Nico Boon Rob Van Houdt |
author_sort |
Bo Byloos |
title |
Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_short |
Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_full |
Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of the bacterial communities on recent Icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
title_sort |
characterization of the bacterial communities on recent icelandic volcanic deposits of different ages |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Microbiology |
issn |
1471-2180 |
publishDate |
2018-09-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Basalt is the most common igneous rock on the Earth’s surface covering. Basalt-associated microorganisms drive the cycling and sequestration of different elements such as nitrogen, carbon and other nutrients, which facilitate subsequent pioneer and plant development, impacting long-term regulation of the Earth’s temperature and biosphere. The initial processes of colonization and subsequent rock weathering by microbial communities are still poorly understood and relatively few data are available on the diversity and richness of the communities inhabiting successive and chronological lava flows. In this study, the bacterial communities present on lava deposits from different eruptions of the 1975–84 Krafla Fires (32-, 35- and 39-year old, respectively) at the Krafla, Iceland, were determined. Results Three sites were sampled for each deposit (32-, 35- and 39-year old), two proximal sites (at 10 m distance) and one more distant site (at 100 m from the two other sites). The determined chemical composition and metal concentrations were similar for the three basalt deposits. No significant differences were observed in the total number of cells in each flow. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that the most abundant classified phylum across the 3 flows was Proteobacteria, although predominance of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes was observed for some sampling sites. In addition, a considerable fraction of the operational taxonomic units remained unclassified. Alpha diversity (Shannon, inverse Simpson and Chao), HOMOVA and AMOVA only showed a significant difference for Shannon between the 32- and 39-year old flow (p < 0.05). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that age significantly (p = 0.026) influenced the leftward movement along NMDS axis 1. Conclusions Although NMDS indicated that the (relatively small) age difference of the deposits appeared to impact the bacterial community, this analysis was not consistent with AMOVA and HOMOVA, indicating no significant difference in community structure. The combined results drive us to conclude that the (relatively small) age differences of the deposits do not appear to be the main factor shaping the microbial communities. Probably other factors such as spatial heterogeneity, associated carbon content, exogenous rain precipitations and wind also affect the diversity and dynamics. |
topic |
Basalt Lava Krafla Iceland Chronosequence 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-018-1262-0 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT bobyloos characterizationofthebacterialcommunitiesonrecenticelandicvolcanicdepositsofdifferentages AT pietermonsieurs characterizationofthebacterialcommunitiesonrecenticelandicvolcanicdepositsofdifferentages AT mohamedmysara characterizationofthebacterialcommunitiesonrecenticelandicvolcanicdepositsofdifferentages AT natalieleys characterizationofthebacterialcommunitiesonrecenticelandicvolcanicdepositsofdifferentages AT nicoboon characterizationofthebacterialcommunitiesonrecenticelandicvolcanicdepositsofdifferentages AT robvanhoudt characterizationofthebacterialcommunitiesonrecenticelandicvolcanicdepositsofdifferentages |
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