The role of probiotic on alveolar bone resorption

• Main Authors: Desi Sandra Sari, Zahara Meilawaty, M. Nurul Amin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universitas Airlangga 2011-09-01
• Series: Dental Journal: Majalah Kedokteran Gigi
• Subjects: Probiotics; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Lactobacillus casei; tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; osteoclast; Probiotik; osteoklas
• Online Access: http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/index.php/MKG/article/view/857

<p><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Background</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Probiotics are microbes derived from the group of lactic acid bacteria that work to maintain the health of hosts. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Probiotics can also be used to improve oral health. Periodontal disease is usually marked with gingival inflammation and alveolar bone </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>resorption. Gram negative anaerobic bacteria that play important role in human periodontal disease are Porphyromonas gingivalis. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(P. gingivalis). P. gingivalis is a virulent bacteria in vivo or in vitro, and mostly found in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Purpose</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: This study is aimed to know the role of probiotics to inhibit the resorption of alveolar bone induced with P. gingivalis. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Methods</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: This study used male wistar rats divided into 4 groups. Group I was control group (without treatment); group II was induced </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 for 5 days; group III was induced with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 and also injected with probiotics </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(Lactobacillus casei ATCC 4224) for 5 days simultaneously; and group IV was induced with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 for 5 days and </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>also injected by probiotics (Lactobacillus casei ATCC 4224) in the next 5 days. After that, the samples were decapitated, taken their </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>alveolar bone, and then were examined by immunohistochemistry to observe osteoclast activity in alveolar bone resorption by using </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) expression. All data were then analyzed statistically. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Results</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: It is known that there were </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>significant differences of TRAP expression among all those treatment groups (p &lt; 0.05). </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Conclusion</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: It then can be concluded that </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>probiotics can decrease osteoclast activity in periodontal tissue of wistar rats, so it can inhibit alveolar bone resorption.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Latar belakang</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Probiotik adalah mikroba dari golongan bakteri asam laktat yang bekerja mempertahankan kesehatan host dan </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>probiotik dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan rongga mulut. Penyakit periodontal ditandai dengan adanya keradangan pada </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>gingiva dan resobsi tulang alveolar. Bakteri Gram negatif anaerob yang sangat berperan dengan penyakit periodontal pada manusia </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>adalah Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). P. gingivalis merupakan bakteri yang virulen, baik diuji secara in vivo maupun in </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>vitro, dan banyak ditemukan pada plak subgingiva penderita periodontitis. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Tujuan</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>probiotik dalam menghambat resorbsi tulang alveolar yang diinduksi P.gingivalis. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Metode</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Penelitian ini memakai tikus jenis wistar </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>jantan sebagai sampel dan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: Kelompok I yaitu kontrol tanpa perlakuan; kelompok II di induksi P.gingivalis </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>ATCC 33277 selama 5 hari; Kelompok III di induksi P.gingivalis ATCC 33277 ditambah suntikan probiotik (Lactobacillus casei </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>ATCC 4224) selama 5 hari secara bersamaan; dan Kelompok IV di induksi P.gingivalis ATCC 33277 selama 5 hari ditambah suntikan </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>probiotik (Lactobacillus casei ATCC 4224) 5 hari selanjutnya. Setelah itu sampel didekaputasi, diambil tulang alveolar dilakukan </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>pemeriksaan imunohistokimia untuk melihat aktivitas osteoklas dalam resopsi tulang alveolar dengan mendeteksi tartrate-resistant acid </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>phosphatase (TRAP). Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis secara statistik. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Hasil</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antar kelompok </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>untuk ekspresi TRAP (p &lt; 0.05). </em><span style="font-family: TribuneBold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Kesimpulan</strong><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa probiotik dapat menurunkan aktivitas osteoklas pada wistar </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>tikus yang mengalami periodontitis sehingga dapat mencegah resorbsi tulang alveol.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>