Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabric
Countless hours of research and studies on triazine, phosphonate, and their combination have provided insightful information into their flame retardant properties on polymeric systems. However, a limited number of studies shed light on the mechanism of flame retardancy of their combination on cotton...
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doaj-d0dffb0b84a9437daa1511e348cb8d802020-11-24T21:27:16ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492015-06-01206112361125610.3390/molecules200611236molecules200611236Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton FabricMonique M. Nguyen0M. Sameer Al-Abdul-Wahid1Krystal R. Fontenot2Elena E. Graves3SeChin Chang4Brian D. Condon5Casey C. Grimm6Gary A. Lorigan7Cotton Chemistry and Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd. New Orleans, LA 70124, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 701 E. High St. Oxford, OH 45056, USACotton Chemistry and Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd. New Orleans, LA 70124, USACotton Chemistry and Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd. New Orleans, LA 70124, USACotton Chemistry and Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd. New Orleans, LA 70124, USACotton Chemistry and Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd. New Orleans, LA 70124, USACotton Chemistry and Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd. New Orleans, LA 70124, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 701 E. High St. Oxford, OH 45056, USACountless hours of research and studies on triazine, phosphonate, and their combination have provided insightful information into their flame retardant properties on polymeric systems. However, a limited number of studies shed light on the mechanism of flame retardancy of their combination on cotton fabrics. The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the thermal degradation process of two triazine-phosphonate derivatives on cotton fabric. The investigation included the preparation of diethyl 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylphosphonate (TPN1) and dimethyl (4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yloxy) methyl phosphonate (TPN3), their application on fabric materials, and the studies of their thermal degradation mechanism. The studies examined chemical components in both solid and gas phases by using attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared (TGA-FTIR) spectroscopy, and 31P solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (31P solid state NMR), in addition to the computational studies of bond dissociation energy (BDE). Despite a few differences in their decomposition, TPN1 and TPN3 produce one common major product that is believed to help reduce the flammability of the fabric.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/6/11236triazine-phosphonatethermal degradationmechanismATR-IRTGA-FTIR31P solid state NMRphosphoric acid |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Monique M. Nguyen M. Sameer Al-Abdul-Wahid Krystal R. Fontenot Elena E. Graves SeChin Chang Brian D. Condon Casey C. Grimm Gary A. Lorigan |
spellingShingle |
Monique M. Nguyen M. Sameer Al-Abdul-Wahid Krystal R. Fontenot Elena E. Graves SeChin Chang Brian D. Condon Casey C. Grimm Gary A. Lorigan Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabric Molecules triazine-phosphonate thermal degradation mechanism ATR-IR TGA-FTIR 31P solid state NMR phosphoric acid |
author_facet |
Monique M. Nguyen M. Sameer Al-Abdul-Wahid Krystal R. Fontenot Elena E. Graves SeChin Chang Brian D. Condon Casey C. Grimm Gary A. Lorigan |
author_sort |
Monique M. Nguyen |
title |
Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabric |
title_short |
Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabric |
title_full |
Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabric |
title_fullStr |
Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabric |
title_full_unstemmed |
Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Triazine-Phosphonate Derivatives as Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabric |
title_sort |
understanding the mechanism of action of triazine-phosphonate derivatives as flame retardants for cotton fabric |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2015-06-01 |
description |
Countless hours of research and studies on triazine, phosphonate, and their combination have provided insightful information into their flame retardant properties on polymeric systems. However, a limited number of studies shed light on the mechanism of flame retardancy of their combination on cotton fabrics. The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the thermal degradation process of two triazine-phosphonate derivatives on cotton fabric. The investigation included the preparation of diethyl 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylphosphonate (TPN1) and dimethyl (4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yloxy) methyl phosphonate (TPN3), their application on fabric materials, and the studies of their thermal degradation mechanism. The studies examined chemical components in both solid and gas phases by using attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared (TGA-FTIR) spectroscopy, and 31P solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (31P solid state NMR), in addition to the computational studies of bond dissociation energy (BDE). Despite a few differences in their decomposition, TPN1 and TPN3 produce one common major product that is believed to help reduce the flammability of the fabric. |
topic |
triazine-phosphonate thermal degradation mechanism ATR-IR TGA-FTIR 31P solid state NMR phosphoric acid |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/6/11236 |
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