Sex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects
Abstract Background Women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a higher excess risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than their male counterparts. However, whether the risk for CVD is higher in prediabetic women than men is still debated. We aimed to determine whether sex-related differences exist in le...
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doaj-d1779632852c456497f08151eef548e22021-03-11T12:01:49ZengBMCCardiovascular Diabetology1475-28402021-03-0120111110.1186/s12933-021-01248-zSex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjectsElena Succurro0Sofia Miceli1Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino2Angela Sciacqua3Maria Perticone4Francesco Andreozzi5Giorgio Sesti6Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of CatanzaroDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of CatanzaroDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of CatanzaroDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of CatanzaroDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of CatanzaroDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of CatanzaroDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome-SapienzaAbstract Background Women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a higher excess risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than their male counterparts. However, whether the risk for CVD is higher in prediabetic women than men is still debated. We aimed to determine whether sex-related differences exist in left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency (MEEi) in with normal glucose tolerant (NGT), pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects. Methods Sex-related differences in LVMI and myocardial MEEi, assessed by validated echocardiography-derived measures, were examined among 1562 adults with NGT, prediabetes, and newly diagnosed T2DM, defined according to fasting glucose, 2-h post-load glucose, or HbA1c. Results Worsening of glucose tolerance in both men and women was associated with an increase in age-adjusted LVMI and myocardial MEEi. Women with newly diagnosed T2DM exhibited greater relative differences in LVMI and myocardial MEEi than diabetic men when compared with their NGT counterparts. Prediabetic women exhibited greater relative differences in myocardial MEEi, but not in LVMI, than prediabetic men when compared with their NGT counterparts. The statistical test for interaction between sex and glucose tolerance on both LVMI (P < 0.0001), and myocardial MEEi (P < 0.0001) was significant suggesting a sex-specific association. Conclusions Left ventricle is subject to maladaptive changes with worsening of glucose tolerance, especially in women with newly diagnosed T2DM. The sex-specific increase in LVM and decrease in MEEi, both being predictors of CVD, may have a role in explaining the stronger impact of T2DM on the excess risk of CVD in women than in men.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-021-01248-zSex-differencesCardiovascular diseaseLeft ventricular massMyocardial mechano-energetic efficiencyPrediabetesType 2 diabetes |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Elena Succurro Sofia Miceli Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino Angela Sciacqua Maria Perticone Francesco Andreozzi Giorgio Sesti |
spellingShingle |
Elena Succurro Sofia Miceli Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino Angela Sciacqua Maria Perticone Francesco Andreozzi Giorgio Sesti Sex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects Cardiovascular Diabetology Sex-differences Cardiovascular disease Left ventricular mass Myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency Prediabetes Type 2 diabetes |
author_facet |
Elena Succurro Sofia Miceli Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino Angela Sciacqua Maria Perticone Francesco Andreozzi Giorgio Sesti |
author_sort |
Elena Succurro |
title |
Sex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects |
title_short |
Sex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects |
title_full |
Sex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects |
title_fullStr |
Sex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects |
title_sort |
sex-specific differences in left ventricular mass and myocardial energetic efficiency in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Cardiovascular Diabetology |
issn |
1475-2840 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a higher excess risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than their male counterparts. However, whether the risk for CVD is higher in prediabetic women than men is still debated. We aimed to determine whether sex-related differences exist in left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency (MEEi) in with normal glucose tolerant (NGT), pre-diabetic and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects. Methods Sex-related differences in LVMI and myocardial MEEi, assessed by validated echocardiography-derived measures, were examined among 1562 adults with NGT, prediabetes, and newly diagnosed T2DM, defined according to fasting glucose, 2-h post-load glucose, or HbA1c. Results Worsening of glucose tolerance in both men and women was associated with an increase in age-adjusted LVMI and myocardial MEEi. Women with newly diagnosed T2DM exhibited greater relative differences in LVMI and myocardial MEEi than diabetic men when compared with their NGT counterparts. Prediabetic women exhibited greater relative differences in myocardial MEEi, but not in LVMI, than prediabetic men when compared with their NGT counterparts. The statistical test for interaction between sex and glucose tolerance on both LVMI (P < 0.0001), and myocardial MEEi (P < 0.0001) was significant suggesting a sex-specific association. Conclusions Left ventricle is subject to maladaptive changes with worsening of glucose tolerance, especially in women with newly diagnosed T2DM. The sex-specific increase in LVM and decrease in MEEi, both being predictors of CVD, may have a role in explaining the stronger impact of T2DM on the excess risk of CVD in women than in men. |
topic |
Sex-differences Cardiovascular disease Left ventricular mass Myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency Prediabetes Type 2 diabetes |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-021-01248-z |
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