Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent Diversity
To date, the microbiome, as well as the virome of the Croatian populations of bats, was unknown. Here, we present the results of the first viral metagenomic analysis of guano, feces and saliva (oral swabs) of seven bat species (<i>Myotis myotis</i>, <i>Miniopterus schreibersii</...
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doaj-d2263d11bea54a3cb168eebb08d61fe72020-11-25T03:26:53ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-08-011289189110.3390/v12080891Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent DiversityIvana Šimić0Tomaž Mark Zorec1Ivana Lojkić2Nina Krešić3Mario Poljak4Florence Cliquet5Evelyne Picard-Meyer6Marine Wasniewski7Vida Zrnčić8Anđela Ćukušić9Tomislav Bedeković10Laboratory for Rabies and General Virology, Department of Virology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaLaboratory for Rabies and General Virology, Department of Virology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Rabies and General Virology, Department of Virology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaNancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, ANSES, 51220 Malzéville, FranceNancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, ANSES, 51220 Malzéville, FranceNancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, ANSES, 51220 Malzéville, FranceCroatian Biospeleological Society, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Biospeleological Society, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Rabies and General Virology, Department of Virology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaTo date, the microbiome, as well as the virome of the Croatian populations of bats, was unknown. Here, we present the results of the first viral metagenomic analysis of guano, feces and saliva (oral swabs) of seven bat species (<i>Myotis myotis</i>, <i>Miniopterus schreibersii</i>, <i>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</i>, <i>Eptesicus serotinus</i>, <i>Myotis blythii</i>, <i>Myotis nattereri</i> and <i>Myotis emarginatus</i>) conducted in Mediterranean and continental Croatia. Viral nucleic acids were extracted from sample pools, and analyzed using Illumina sequencing. The presence of 63 different viral families representing all seven Baltimore groups were confirmed, most commonly insect viruses likely reflecting the diet of insectivorous bats. Virome compositions of our samples were largely impacted by the sample type: invertebrate-infecting viruses were most frequently found in feces, bacterial viruses in guano, whereas vertebrate-infecting viruses were most common in swabs. Most vertebrate-infecting virus sequences were assigned to retroviruses, parvoviruses, iridoviruses, and poxviruses. We further report the complete genome sequence of a novel adeno-associated virus, densovirus and a near complete length genome sequence of a novel iflavirus. Additionally, one of the most interesting findings in this study was the difference in viromes between two contrasting habitats, the continental and Mediterranean Croatia.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/891batsviral metagenomicsCroatiavirusdiversity |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ivana Šimić Tomaž Mark Zorec Ivana Lojkić Nina Krešić Mario Poljak Florence Cliquet Evelyne Picard-Meyer Marine Wasniewski Vida Zrnčić Anđela Ćukušić Tomislav Bedeković |
spellingShingle |
Ivana Šimić Tomaž Mark Zorec Ivana Lojkić Nina Krešić Mario Poljak Florence Cliquet Evelyne Picard-Meyer Marine Wasniewski Vida Zrnčić Anđela Ćukušić Tomislav Bedeković Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent Diversity Viruses bats viral metagenomics Croatia virus diversity |
author_facet |
Ivana Šimić Tomaž Mark Zorec Ivana Lojkić Nina Krešić Mario Poljak Florence Cliquet Evelyne Picard-Meyer Marine Wasniewski Vida Zrnčić Anđela Ćukušić Tomislav Bedeković |
author_sort |
Ivana Šimić |
title |
Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent Diversity |
title_short |
Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent Diversity |
title_full |
Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent Diversity |
title_fullStr |
Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent Diversity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent Diversity |
title_sort |
viral metagenomic profiling of croatian bat population reveals sample and habitat dependent diversity |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
To date, the microbiome, as well as the virome of the Croatian populations of bats, was unknown. Here, we present the results of the first viral metagenomic analysis of guano, feces and saliva (oral swabs) of seven bat species (<i>Myotis myotis</i>, <i>Miniopterus schreibersii</i>, <i>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</i>, <i>Eptesicus serotinus</i>, <i>Myotis blythii</i>, <i>Myotis nattereri</i> and <i>Myotis emarginatus</i>) conducted in Mediterranean and continental Croatia. Viral nucleic acids were extracted from sample pools, and analyzed using Illumina sequencing. The presence of 63 different viral families representing all seven Baltimore groups were confirmed, most commonly insect viruses likely reflecting the diet of insectivorous bats. Virome compositions of our samples were largely impacted by the sample type: invertebrate-infecting viruses were most frequently found in feces, bacterial viruses in guano, whereas vertebrate-infecting viruses were most common in swabs. Most vertebrate-infecting virus sequences were assigned to retroviruses, parvoviruses, iridoviruses, and poxviruses. We further report the complete genome sequence of a novel adeno-associated virus, densovirus and a near complete length genome sequence of a novel iflavirus. Additionally, one of the most interesting findings in this study was the difference in viromes between two contrasting habitats, the continental and Mediterranean Croatia. |
topic |
bats viral metagenomics Croatia virus diversity |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/891 |
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