Role of exosomal small RNA in prostate cancer metastasis

• Main Authors: Zhan F, Shen J, Wang R, Wang L, Dai Y, Zhang Y, Huang X
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2018-09-01
• Series: Cancer Management and Research
• Subjects: prostate cancer; metastases; ncRNA; exosome
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/role-of-exosomal-small-rna-in-prostate-cancer-metastasis-peer-reviewed-article-CMAR

Fei Zhan,1 Jingling Shen,2 Ruitao Wang,3 Liang Wang,4 Yao Dai,5 Yanqiao Zhang,1 Xiaoyi Huang6,7 1Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; 2Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; 3Department of Internal Medicine, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; 4Department of Pathology and MCW Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; 5Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; 6Biotherapy Center, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; 7Center of Translational Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China Abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. When the disease becomes metastatic, limited treatment strategies exist, and metastatic disease prognoses are difficult to predict. Recently, evidence has emerged, which indicates that small RNAs are detectable in patient fluids, and exosomal small RNA ectopic expression is correlated with the development, progression, and metastasis of human PCa; however, the role of small RNAs in PCa is only partially understood. In this review, we discuss the research status regarding circulating exosomal small RNAs and applications using these small RNAs in PCa particularly looking at metastatic disease. Exosomal small RNAs could be used as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis, micrometastasis detection, and prognosis of PCa. Keywords: prostate cancer, metastases, ncRNA, exosome