Effects of Commonly Used Pesticides in China on the Mitochondria and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Parkinson’s Disease
Evidence continues to accumulate that pesticides are the leading candidates of environmental toxins that may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. The mechanisms, however, remain largely unclear. According to epidemiological studies, we selected nine representative pesticides (paraq...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2017-11-01
|
Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/12/2507 |
id |
doaj-d3971fc8532a4a278cefc8c61656d618 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-d3971fc8532a4a278cefc8c61656d6182020-11-25T00:09:01ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672017-11-011812250710.3390/ijms18122507ijms18122507Effects of Commonly Used Pesticides in China on the Mitochondria and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Parkinson’s DiseaseTingting Chen0Jieqiong Tan1Zhengqing Wan2Yongyi Zou3Henok Kessete Afewerky4Zhuohua Zhang5Tongmei Zhang6State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410078, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410078, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410078, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410078, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410078, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410078, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410078, ChinaEvidence continues to accumulate that pesticides are the leading candidates of environmental toxins that may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. The mechanisms, however, remain largely unclear. According to epidemiological studies, we selected nine representative pesticides (paraquat, rotenone, chlorpyrifos, pendimethalin, endosulfan, fenpyroximate, tebufenpyrad, trichlorphon and carbaryl) which are commonly used in China and detected the effects of the pesticides on mitochondria and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) function. Our results reveal that all the nine studied pesticides induce morphological changes of mitochondria at low concentrations. Paraquat, rotenone, chlorpyrifos, pendimethalin, endosulfan, fenpyroximate and tebufenpyrad induced mitochondria fragmentation. Furthermore, some of them (paraquat, rotenone, chlorpyrifos, fenpyroximate and tebufenpyrad) caused a significant dose-dependent decrease of intracellular ATP. Interestingly, these pesticides which induce mitochondria dysfunction also inhibit 26S and 20S proteasome activity. However, two out of the nine pesticides, namely trichlorphon and carbaryl, were found not to cause mitochondrial fragmentation or functional damage, nor inhibit the activity of the proteasome, which provides significant guidance for selection of pesticides in China. Moreover, our results demonstrate a potential link between inhibition of mitochondria and the UPS, and pesticide-induced Parkinsonism.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/12/2507Parkinson’s diseasepesticidesmitochondriaubiquitin-Proteasome systemChina |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tingting Chen Jieqiong Tan Zhengqing Wan Yongyi Zou Henok Kessete Afewerky Zhuohua Zhang Tongmei Zhang |
spellingShingle |
Tingting Chen Jieqiong Tan Zhengqing Wan Yongyi Zou Henok Kessete Afewerky Zhuohua Zhang Tongmei Zhang Effects of Commonly Used Pesticides in China on the Mitochondria and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Parkinson’s Disease International Journal of Molecular Sciences Parkinson’s disease pesticides mitochondria ubiquitin-Proteasome system China |
author_facet |
Tingting Chen Jieqiong Tan Zhengqing Wan Yongyi Zou Henok Kessete Afewerky Zhuohua Zhang Tongmei Zhang |
author_sort |
Tingting Chen |
title |
Effects of Commonly Used Pesticides in China on the Mitochondria and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short |
Effects of Commonly Used Pesticides in China on the Mitochondria and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full |
Effects of Commonly Used Pesticides in China on the Mitochondria and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Commonly Used Pesticides in China on the Mitochondria and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Commonly Used Pesticides in China on the Mitochondria and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort |
effects of commonly used pesticides in china on the mitochondria and ubiquitin-proteasome system in parkinson’s disease |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2017-11-01 |
description |
Evidence continues to accumulate that pesticides are the leading candidates of environmental toxins that may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. The mechanisms, however, remain largely unclear. According to epidemiological studies, we selected nine representative pesticides (paraquat, rotenone, chlorpyrifos, pendimethalin, endosulfan, fenpyroximate, tebufenpyrad, trichlorphon and carbaryl) which are commonly used in China and detected the effects of the pesticides on mitochondria and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) function. Our results reveal that all the nine studied pesticides induce morphological changes of mitochondria at low concentrations. Paraquat, rotenone, chlorpyrifos, pendimethalin, endosulfan, fenpyroximate and tebufenpyrad induced mitochondria fragmentation. Furthermore, some of them (paraquat, rotenone, chlorpyrifos, fenpyroximate and tebufenpyrad) caused a significant dose-dependent decrease of intracellular ATP. Interestingly, these pesticides which induce mitochondria dysfunction also inhibit 26S and 20S proteasome activity. However, two out of the nine pesticides, namely trichlorphon and carbaryl, were found not to cause mitochondrial fragmentation or functional damage, nor inhibit the activity of the proteasome, which provides significant guidance for selection of pesticides in China. Moreover, our results demonstrate a potential link between inhibition of mitochondria and the UPS, and pesticide-induced Parkinsonism. |
topic |
Parkinson’s disease pesticides mitochondria ubiquitin-Proteasome system China |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/12/2507 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT tingtingchen effectsofcommonlyusedpesticidesinchinaonthemitochondriaandubiquitinproteasomesysteminparkinsonsdisease AT jieqiongtan effectsofcommonlyusedpesticidesinchinaonthemitochondriaandubiquitinproteasomesysteminparkinsonsdisease AT zhengqingwan effectsofcommonlyusedpesticidesinchinaonthemitochondriaandubiquitinproteasomesysteminparkinsonsdisease AT yongyizou effectsofcommonlyusedpesticidesinchinaonthemitochondriaandubiquitinproteasomesysteminparkinsonsdisease AT henokkesseteafewerky effectsofcommonlyusedpesticidesinchinaonthemitochondriaandubiquitinproteasomesysteminparkinsonsdisease AT zhuohuazhang effectsofcommonlyusedpesticidesinchinaonthemitochondriaandubiquitinproteasomesysteminparkinsonsdisease AT tongmeizhang effectsofcommonlyusedpesticidesinchinaonthemitochondriaandubiquitinproteasomesysteminparkinsonsdisease |
_version_ |
1725413371624292352 |