Anxiety and 10-Year Risk of Incident Dementia—An Association Shaped by Depressive Symptoms: Results of the Prospective Three-City Study
Background: Anxiety is common in patients with cognitive impairment and dementia. However, whether anxiety is a risk factor for dementia is still not known. We aimed to examine the association between trait anxiety at baseline and the 10-year risk of incident dementia to determine to which extent de...
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doaj-d4dd54556fec4d4eb1265cdddbad4f002020-11-24T22:39:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2018-04-011210.3389/fnins.2018.00248352506Anxiety and 10-Year Risk of Incident Dementia—An Association Shaped by Depressive Symptoms: Results of the Prospective Three-City StudyMarion Mortamais0Meriem Abdennour1Valérie Bergua2Christophe Tzourio3Claudine Berr4Audrey Gabelle5Audrey Gabelle6Tasnime N. Akbaraly7Tasnime N. Akbaraly8Tasnime N. Akbaraly9Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, FranceInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, FranceUniversity of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, FranceUniversity of Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, FranceInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, FranceInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, FranceMemory Resources and Research Center, Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, FranceMMDN, Université de Montpellier, EPHE, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1198, Montpellier, FranceDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United KingdomAutism Resources Centre of Languedoc-Roussillon, University Hospital of Montpellier, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceBackground: Anxiety is common in patients with cognitive impairment and dementia. However, whether anxiety is a risk factor for dementia is still not known. We aimed to examine the association between trait anxiety at baseline and the 10-year risk of incident dementia to determine to which extent depressive symptoms influence this relationship in the general population.Methods: Data came from 5,234 community-dwelling participants from the Three-City prospective cohort study, aged 65 years at baseline and followed over 10 years. At baseline, anxiety trait was assessed using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and depressive symptoms using Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CESD). Use of anxiolytic drugs was also considered. Diagnoses of dementia were made at baseline and every 2 years. To examine the relationship between anxiety exposures and risk of incident dementia, Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed.Results: Taking anxiolytic drugs or having high trait anxiety (STAI score ≥ 44) increased the risk of dementia assessed over 10 years of follow-up [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.08–1.80, p = 0.01 and HR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.01–1.57, p = 0.04, respectively], independently of a large panel of socio-demographic variables, health behaviors, cardio-metabolic disorders, and additional age-related disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, activity limitations, and cognitive deficit. However, the associations were substantially attenuated after further adjustment for depressive symptoms.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that depressive symptoms shape the association between anxiety trait and dementia. Further research is needed to replicate our findings and extrapolate our results to anxiety disorders.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00248/fullanxietySpielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventorydepressive symptomsagingdementiarisk factors |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marion Mortamais Meriem Abdennour Valérie Bergua Christophe Tzourio Claudine Berr Audrey Gabelle Audrey Gabelle Tasnime N. Akbaraly Tasnime N. Akbaraly Tasnime N. Akbaraly |
spellingShingle |
Marion Mortamais Meriem Abdennour Valérie Bergua Christophe Tzourio Claudine Berr Audrey Gabelle Audrey Gabelle Tasnime N. Akbaraly Tasnime N. Akbaraly Tasnime N. Akbaraly Anxiety and 10-Year Risk of Incident Dementia—An Association Shaped by Depressive Symptoms: Results of the Prospective Three-City Study Frontiers in Neuroscience anxiety Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory depressive symptoms aging dementia risk factors |
author_facet |
Marion Mortamais Meriem Abdennour Valérie Bergua Christophe Tzourio Claudine Berr Audrey Gabelle Audrey Gabelle Tasnime N. Akbaraly Tasnime N. Akbaraly Tasnime N. Akbaraly |
author_sort |
Marion Mortamais |
title |
Anxiety and 10-Year Risk of Incident Dementia—An Association Shaped by Depressive Symptoms: Results of the Prospective Three-City Study |
title_short |
Anxiety and 10-Year Risk of Incident Dementia—An Association Shaped by Depressive Symptoms: Results of the Prospective Three-City Study |
title_full |
Anxiety and 10-Year Risk of Incident Dementia—An Association Shaped by Depressive Symptoms: Results of the Prospective Three-City Study |
title_fullStr |
Anxiety and 10-Year Risk of Incident Dementia—An Association Shaped by Depressive Symptoms: Results of the Prospective Three-City Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Anxiety and 10-Year Risk of Incident Dementia—An Association Shaped by Depressive Symptoms: Results of the Prospective Three-City Study |
title_sort |
anxiety and 10-year risk of incident dementia—an association shaped by depressive symptoms: results of the prospective three-city study |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-453X |
publishDate |
2018-04-01 |
description |
Background: Anxiety is common in patients with cognitive impairment and dementia. However, whether anxiety is a risk factor for dementia is still not known. We aimed to examine the association between trait anxiety at baseline and the 10-year risk of incident dementia to determine to which extent depressive symptoms influence this relationship in the general population.Methods: Data came from 5,234 community-dwelling participants from the Three-City prospective cohort study, aged 65 years at baseline and followed over 10 years. At baseline, anxiety trait was assessed using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and depressive symptoms using Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CESD). Use of anxiolytic drugs was also considered. Diagnoses of dementia were made at baseline and every 2 years. To examine the relationship between anxiety exposures and risk of incident dementia, Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed.Results: Taking anxiolytic drugs or having high trait anxiety (STAI score ≥ 44) increased the risk of dementia assessed over 10 years of follow-up [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.08–1.80, p = 0.01 and HR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.01–1.57, p = 0.04, respectively], independently of a large panel of socio-demographic variables, health behaviors, cardio-metabolic disorders, and additional age-related disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, activity limitations, and cognitive deficit. However, the associations were substantially attenuated after further adjustment for depressive symptoms.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that depressive symptoms shape the association between anxiety trait and dementia. Further research is needed to replicate our findings and extrapolate our results to anxiety disorders. |
topic |
anxiety Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory depressive symptoms aging dementia risk factors |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00248/full |
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