Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in Livestock
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are small molecular mass metabolites which compose the volatilome, whose analysis has been widely employed in different areas. This innovative approach has emerged in research as a diagnostic alternative to different diseases in human and veterinary medicine, which...
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doaj-d676ee991a944ccc9ae20d50e0373c292021-05-24T04:36:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692021-05-01810.3389/fvets.2021.635155635155Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in LivestockPablo Rodríguez-Hernández0Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez1Lourdes Arce2Jaime Gómez-Laguna3Department of Animal Production, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Animal Production, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Inst Univ Invest Quim Fina and Nanoquim Inst Univ Invest Quim Fina and Nanoquim (IUNAN), International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, SpainVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are small molecular mass metabolites which compose the volatilome, whose analysis has been widely employed in different areas. This innovative approach has emerged in research as a diagnostic alternative to different diseases in human and veterinary medicine, which still present constraints regarding analytical and diagnostic sensitivity. Such is the case of the infection by mycobacteria responsible for tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock. Although eradication and control programs have been partly managed with success in many countries worldwide, the often low sensitivity of the current diagnostic techniques against Mycobacterium bovis (as well as other mycobacteria from Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex) and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis together with other hurdles such as low mycobacteria loads in samples, a tedious process of microbiological culture, inhibition by many variables, or intermittent shedding of the mycobacteria highlight the importance of evaluating new techniques that open different options and complement the diagnostic paradigm. In this sense, volatilome analysis stands as a potential option because it fulfills part of the mycobacterial diagnosis requirements. The aim of the present review is to compile the information related to the diagnosis of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock through the analysis of VOCs by using different biological matrices. The analytical techniques used for the evaluation of VOCs are discussed focusing on the advantages and drawbacks offered compared with the routine diagnostic tools. In addition, the differences described in the literature among in vivo and in vitro assays, natural and experimental infections, and the use of specific VOCs (targeted analysis) and complete VOC pattern (non-targeted analysis) are highlighted. This review emphasizes how this methodology could be useful in the problematic diagnosis of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock and poses challenges to be addressed in future research.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.635155/fulldiagnosislivestockmycobacteriavolatilomeveterinary |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Pablo Rodríguez-Hernández Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez Lourdes Arce Jaime Gómez-Laguna |
spellingShingle |
Pablo Rodríguez-Hernández Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez Lourdes Arce Jaime Gómez-Laguna Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in Livestock Frontiers in Veterinary Science diagnosis livestock mycobacteria volatilome veterinary |
author_facet |
Pablo Rodríguez-Hernández Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez Lourdes Arce Jaime Gómez-Laguna |
author_sort |
Pablo Rodríguez-Hernández |
title |
Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in Livestock |
title_short |
Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in Livestock |
title_full |
Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in Livestock |
title_fullStr |
Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in Livestock |
title_full_unstemmed |
Application of Volatilome Analysis to the Diagnosis of Mycobacteria Infection in Livestock |
title_sort |
application of volatilome analysis to the diagnosis of mycobacteria infection in livestock |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
issn |
2297-1769 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are small molecular mass metabolites which compose the volatilome, whose analysis has been widely employed in different areas. This innovative approach has emerged in research as a diagnostic alternative to different diseases in human and veterinary medicine, which still present constraints regarding analytical and diagnostic sensitivity. Such is the case of the infection by mycobacteria responsible for tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock. Although eradication and control programs have been partly managed with success in many countries worldwide, the often low sensitivity of the current diagnostic techniques against Mycobacterium bovis (as well as other mycobacteria from Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex) and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis together with other hurdles such as low mycobacteria loads in samples, a tedious process of microbiological culture, inhibition by many variables, or intermittent shedding of the mycobacteria highlight the importance of evaluating new techniques that open different options and complement the diagnostic paradigm. In this sense, volatilome analysis stands as a potential option because it fulfills part of the mycobacterial diagnosis requirements. The aim of the present review is to compile the information related to the diagnosis of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock through the analysis of VOCs by using different biological matrices. The analytical techniques used for the evaluation of VOCs are discussed focusing on the advantages and drawbacks offered compared with the routine diagnostic tools. In addition, the differences described in the literature among in vivo and in vitro assays, natural and experimental infections, and the use of specific VOCs (targeted analysis) and complete VOC pattern (non-targeted analysis) are highlighted. This review emphasizes how this methodology could be useful in the problematic diagnosis of tuberculosis and paratuberculosis in livestock and poses challenges to be addressed in future research. |
topic |
diagnosis livestock mycobacteria volatilome veterinary |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.635155/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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