Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine<sup>® </sup>in Young Adults
Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>; DYM) and theacrine (Teacrine<sup>®</sup>; TCR) are purine alkaloids purported to have similar neuro-energetic effects as caffeine. There are no published human safety data on DYM, and research on TCR is limited. The purp...
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doaj-d68ae9000d164e8189ab99ed5c2005272020-11-25T02:16:10ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432020-02-0112365410.3390/nu12030654nu12030654Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine<sup>® </sup>in Young AdultsTrisha A. VanDusseldorp0Matthew T. Stratton1Alyssa R. Bailly2Alyssa J. Holmes3Michaela G. Alesi4Yuri Feito5Gerald T. Mangine6Garrett M. Hester7Tiffany A. Esmat8Megan Barcala9Karleena R. Tuggle10Michael Snyder11Andrew S. Modjeski12Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USAKinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USASouthern Regional Physician Management Group, LLC, Riverdale, GA 30274, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USADepartment of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USAMethylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>; DYM) and theacrine (Teacrine<sup>®</sup>; TCR) are purine alkaloids purported to have similar neuro-energetic effects as caffeine. There are no published human safety data on DYM, and research on TCR is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of four weeks of DYM supplementation with and without TCR on cardiovascular function and blood biomarkers. One-hundred twenty-five men and women (mean age 23.0 yrs, height 169.7 cm, body mass 72.1 kg; <i>n</i> = 25/group) were randomly assigned to one of five groups: low-dose DYM (100 mg), high-dose DYM (150 mg), low-dose DYM with TCR (100 mg + 50 mg), high-dose DYM with TCR (150 mg + 25 mg) , and placebo. Regardless of group and sex, significant main effects for time were noted for heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and QTc (<i>p</i> < 0.001), high-density lipoproteins (<i>p</i> = 0.002), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (<i>p</i> = 0.018), basophils (<i>p</i> = 0.006), absolute eosinophils (<i>p</i> = 0.010), creatinine (<i>p</i> = 0.004), estimated glomerular filtration rate (<i>p</i> = 0.037), chloride (<i>p </i>= 0.030), carbon dioxide (<i>p</i> = 0.023), bilirubin (<i>p</i> = 0.027), and alanine aminotransferase (<i>p</i> = 0.043), among others. While small changes were found in some cardiovascular and blood biomarkers, no clinically significant changes occurred. This suggests that DYM alone or in combination with TCR consumed at the dosages used in this study does not appear to negatively affect markers of health over four weeks of continuous use.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/3/654teacrine®, dynamine®, theacrinemethylliberinepurine alkaloid |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Trisha A. VanDusseldorp Matthew T. Stratton Alyssa R. Bailly Alyssa J. Holmes Michaela G. Alesi Yuri Feito Gerald T. Mangine Garrett M. Hester Tiffany A. Esmat Megan Barcala Karleena R. Tuggle Michael Snyder Andrew S. Modjeski |
spellingShingle |
Trisha A. VanDusseldorp Matthew T. Stratton Alyssa R. Bailly Alyssa J. Holmes Michaela G. Alesi Yuri Feito Gerald T. Mangine Garrett M. Hester Tiffany A. Esmat Megan Barcala Karleena R. Tuggle Michael Snyder Andrew S. Modjeski Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine<sup>® </sup>in Young Adults Nutrients teacrine®, dynamine®, theacrine methylliberine purine alkaloid |
author_facet |
Trisha A. VanDusseldorp Matthew T. Stratton Alyssa R. Bailly Alyssa J. Holmes Michaela G. Alesi Yuri Feito Gerald T. Mangine Garrett M. Hester Tiffany A. Esmat Megan Barcala Karleena R. Tuggle Michael Snyder Andrew S. Modjeski |
author_sort |
Trisha A. VanDusseldorp |
title |
Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine<sup>® </sup>in Young Adults |
title_short |
Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine<sup>® </sup>in Young Adults |
title_full |
Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine<sup>® </sup>in Young Adults |
title_fullStr |
Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine<sup>® </sup>in Young Adults |
title_full_unstemmed |
Safety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine<sup>® </sup>in Young Adults |
title_sort |
safety of short-term supplementation with methylliberine (dynamine<sup>®</sup>) alone and in combination with teacrine<sup>® </sup>in young adults |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2020-02-01 |
description |
Methylliberine (Dynamine<sup>®</sup>; DYM) and theacrine (Teacrine<sup>®</sup>; TCR) are purine alkaloids purported to have similar neuro-energetic effects as caffeine. There are no published human safety data on DYM, and research on TCR is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of four weeks of DYM supplementation with and without TCR on cardiovascular function and blood biomarkers. One-hundred twenty-five men and women (mean age 23.0 yrs, height 169.7 cm, body mass 72.1 kg; <i>n</i> = 25/group) were randomly assigned to one of five groups: low-dose DYM (100 mg), high-dose DYM (150 mg), low-dose DYM with TCR (100 mg + 50 mg), high-dose DYM with TCR (150 mg + 25 mg) , and placebo. Regardless of group and sex, significant main effects for time were noted for heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and QTc (<i>p</i> < 0.001), high-density lipoproteins (<i>p</i> = 0.002), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (<i>p</i> = 0.018), basophils (<i>p</i> = 0.006), absolute eosinophils (<i>p</i> = 0.010), creatinine (<i>p</i> = 0.004), estimated glomerular filtration rate (<i>p</i> = 0.037), chloride (<i>p </i>= 0.030), carbon dioxide (<i>p</i> = 0.023), bilirubin (<i>p</i> = 0.027), and alanine aminotransferase (<i>p</i> = 0.043), among others. While small changes were found in some cardiovascular and blood biomarkers, no clinically significant changes occurred. This suggests that DYM alone or in combination with TCR consumed at the dosages used in this study does not appear to negatively affect markers of health over four weeks of continuous use. |
topic |
teacrine®, dynamine®, theacrine methylliberine purine alkaloid |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/3/654 |
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