An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy
Abstract The field of regenerative medicine provides enormous opportunities for generating beta cells from different stem cell sources for cellular therapy. Even though insulin-secreting cells can be generated from a variety of stem cell types like pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells, th...
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doaj-d69cda3432e24fe689f5a857344438b32020-11-25T03:24:05ZengBMCStem Cell Research & Therapy1757-65122019-09-0110111810.1186/s13287-019-1396-5An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapyNimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph0Kisha N. Sivanathan1Jodie Nitschke2Xin-Fu Zhou3Patrick T. Coates4Christopher John Drogemuller5Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide HospitalCentral Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide HospitalCentral Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide HospitalSchool of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of AdelaideCentral Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide HospitalCentral Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide HospitalAbstract The field of regenerative medicine provides enormous opportunities for generating beta cells from different stem cell sources for cellular therapy. Even though insulin-secreting cells can be generated from a variety of stem cell types like pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells, the ideal functional cells should be generated from patients’ own cells and expanded to considerable levels by non-integrative culture techniques. In terms of the ease of isolation, plasticity, and clinical translation to generate autologous cells, mesenchymal stem cell stands superior. Furthermore, small molecules offer a great advantage in terms of generating functional beta cells from stem cells. Research suggests that most of the mesenchymal stem cell-based protocols to generate pancreatic beta cells have small molecules in their cocktail. However, most of the protocols generate cells that mimic the characteristics of human beta cells, thereby generating “beta cell-like cells” as opposed to mature beta cells. Diabetic therapy becomes feasible only when there are robust, functional, and safe cells for replacing the damaged or lost beta cells. In this review, we discuss the current protocols used to generate beta cells from mesenchymal cells, with emphasis on small molecule-mediated conversion into insulin-producing beta cell-like cells. Our data and the data presented from the references within this review would suggest that although mesenchymal stem cells are an attractive cell type for cell therapy they are not readily converted into functional mature beta cells.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13287-019-1396-5Beta cellsMesenchymal stem cellsSmall moleculesDifferentiationTransplantationTherapy |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph Kisha N. Sivanathan Jodie Nitschke Xin-Fu Zhou Patrick T. Coates Christopher John Drogemuller |
spellingShingle |
Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph Kisha N. Sivanathan Jodie Nitschke Xin-Fu Zhou Patrick T. Coates Christopher John Drogemuller An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy Stem Cell Research & Therapy Beta cells Mesenchymal stem cells Small molecules Differentiation Transplantation Therapy |
author_facet |
Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph Kisha N. Sivanathan Jodie Nitschke Xin-Fu Zhou Patrick T. Coates Christopher John Drogemuller |
author_sort |
Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph |
title |
An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy |
title_short |
An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy |
title_full |
An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy |
title_fullStr |
An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy |
title_full_unstemmed |
An overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy |
title_sort |
overview on small molecule-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into beta cells for diabetic therapy |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Stem Cell Research & Therapy |
issn |
1757-6512 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
Abstract The field of regenerative medicine provides enormous opportunities for generating beta cells from different stem cell sources for cellular therapy. Even though insulin-secreting cells can be generated from a variety of stem cell types like pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells, the ideal functional cells should be generated from patients’ own cells and expanded to considerable levels by non-integrative culture techniques. In terms of the ease of isolation, plasticity, and clinical translation to generate autologous cells, mesenchymal stem cell stands superior. Furthermore, small molecules offer a great advantage in terms of generating functional beta cells from stem cells. Research suggests that most of the mesenchymal stem cell-based protocols to generate pancreatic beta cells have small molecules in their cocktail. However, most of the protocols generate cells that mimic the characteristics of human beta cells, thereby generating “beta cell-like cells” as opposed to mature beta cells. Diabetic therapy becomes feasible only when there are robust, functional, and safe cells for replacing the damaged or lost beta cells. In this review, we discuss the current protocols used to generate beta cells from mesenchymal cells, with emphasis on small molecule-mediated conversion into insulin-producing beta cell-like cells. Our data and the data presented from the references within this review would suggest that although mesenchymal stem cells are an attractive cell type for cell therapy they are not readily converted into functional mature beta cells. |
topic |
Beta cells Mesenchymal stem cells Small molecules Differentiation Transplantation Therapy |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13287-019-1396-5 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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