Novel Molecular Markers in Glioblastoma—Benefits of Liquid Biopsy
<b>: </b>Glioblastoma is a primary Central Nervous System (CNS) malignancy with poor survival. Treatment options are scarce and despite the extremely heterogeneous nature of the disease, clinicians lack prognostic and predictive markers to characterize patients with different outcomes. C...
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doaj-d7f5235ea83b4689abeadd96268a81ae2020-11-25T03:28:54ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-10-01217522752210.3390/ijms21207522Novel Molecular Markers in Glioblastoma—Benefits of Liquid BiopsyZsuzsanna Birkó0Bálint Nagy1Álmos Klekner2József Virga3Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary<b>: </b>Glioblastoma is a primary Central Nervous System (CNS) malignancy with poor survival. Treatment options are scarce and despite the extremely heterogeneous nature of the disease, clinicians lack prognostic and predictive markers to characterize patients with different outcomes. Certain immunohistochemistry, FISH, or PCR-based molecular markers, including isocitrate dehydrogenase1/2 (IDH1/2) mutations, epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) mutation, vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression (VEGF) overexpression, or (O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter) MGMT promoter methylation status, are well-described; however, their clinical usefulness and accuracy is limited, and tumor tissue samples are always necessary. Liquid biopsy is a developing field of diagnostics and patient follow up in multiple types of cancer. Fragments of circulating nucleic acids are collected in various forms from different bodily fluids, including serum, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid in order to measure the quality and quantity of these markers. Multiple types of nucleic acids can be analyzed using liquid biopsy. Circulating cell-free DNA, mitochondrial DNA, or the more stable long and small non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, or microRNAs can be identified and measured by novel PCR and next-generation sequencing-based methods. These markers can be used to detect the previously described alterations in a minimally invasive method. These markers can be used to differentiate patients with poor or better prognosis, or to identify patients who do not respond to therapy. Liquid biopsy can be used to detect recurrent disease, often earlier than using imaging modalities. Liquid biopsy is a rapidly developing field, and similarly to other types of cancer, measuring circulating tumor-derived nucleic acids from biological fluid samples could be the future of differential diagnostics, patient stratification, and follow up in the future in glioblastoma as well.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/20/7522liquid biopsycirculating cell-free nucleic acidsglioblastomaprognosisintegrated diagnostics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Zsuzsanna Birkó Bálint Nagy Álmos Klekner József Virga |
spellingShingle |
Zsuzsanna Birkó Bálint Nagy Álmos Klekner József Virga Novel Molecular Markers in Glioblastoma—Benefits of Liquid Biopsy International Journal of Molecular Sciences liquid biopsy circulating cell-free nucleic acids glioblastoma prognosis integrated diagnostics |
author_facet |
Zsuzsanna Birkó Bálint Nagy Álmos Klekner József Virga |
author_sort |
Zsuzsanna Birkó |
title |
Novel Molecular Markers in Glioblastoma—Benefits of Liquid Biopsy |
title_short |
Novel Molecular Markers in Glioblastoma—Benefits of Liquid Biopsy |
title_full |
Novel Molecular Markers in Glioblastoma—Benefits of Liquid Biopsy |
title_fullStr |
Novel Molecular Markers in Glioblastoma—Benefits of Liquid Biopsy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Novel Molecular Markers in Glioblastoma—Benefits of Liquid Biopsy |
title_sort |
novel molecular markers in glioblastoma—benefits of liquid biopsy |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2020-10-01 |
description |
<b>: </b>Glioblastoma is a primary Central Nervous System (CNS) malignancy with poor survival. Treatment options are scarce and despite the extremely heterogeneous nature of the disease, clinicians lack prognostic and predictive markers to characterize patients with different outcomes. Certain immunohistochemistry, FISH, or PCR-based molecular markers, including isocitrate dehydrogenase1/2 (IDH1/2) mutations, epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) mutation, vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression (VEGF) overexpression, or (O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter) MGMT promoter methylation status, are well-described; however, their clinical usefulness and accuracy is limited, and tumor tissue samples are always necessary. Liquid biopsy is a developing field of diagnostics and patient follow up in multiple types of cancer. Fragments of circulating nucleic acids are collected in various forms from different bodily fluids, including serum, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid in order to measure the quality and quantity of these markers. Multiple types of nucleic acids can be analyzed using liquid biopsy. Circulating cell-free DNA, mitochondrial DNA, or the more stable long and small non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, or microRNAs can be identified and measured by novel PCR and next-generation sequencing-based methods. These markers can be used to detect the previously described alterations in a minimally invasive method. These markers can be used to differentiate patients with poor or better prognosis, or to identify patients who do not respond to therapy. Liquid biopsy can be used to detect recurrent disease, often earlier than using imaging modalities. Liquid biopsy is a rapidly developing field, and similarly to other types of cancer, measuring circulating tumor-derived nucleic acids from biological fluid samples could be the future of differential diagnostics, patient stratification, and follow up in the future in glioblastoma as well. |
topic |
liquid biopsy circulating cell-free nucleic acids glioblastoma prognosis integrated diagnostics |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/20/7522 |
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