Expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-Z dissipative divertors
New techniques that attempt to more fully exploit spectroscopic diagnostics in the divertor and pedestal region during highly dissipative scenarios are demonstrated using experimental results from recent low-Z seeding experiments on Alcator C-Mod, JET and ASDEX Upgrade. To exhaust power at high para...
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2017-08-01
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doaj-db1262a9e3bb42438d456362078a06ad2020-11-25T00:32:44ZengElsevierNuclear Materials and Energy2352-17912017-08-01129199Expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-Z dissipative divertorsM.L. Reinke0A. Meigs1E. Delabie2R. Mumgaard3F. Reimold4S. Potzel5M. Bernert6D. Brunner7J. Canik8M. Cavedon9I. Coffey10E. Edlund11J. Harrison12B. LaBombard13K. Lawson14B. Lomanowski15J. Lore16M. Stamp17J. Terry18E. Viezzer19Corresponding author.; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USACCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, UKOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USAPlasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyMax-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, GermanyMax-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, GermanyPlasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USAMax-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, GermanyQueen’s University, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UKPlasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USACCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, UKPlasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USACCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, UKAalto University School of Science, Department of Applied Physics, P.O. Box 11100, FI-00076 AALTO, FinlandOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USACCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, UKPlasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAMax-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, GermanyNew techniques that attempt to more fully exploit spectroscopic diagnostics in the divertor and pedestal region during highly dissipative scenarios are demonstrated using experimental results from recent low-Z seeding experiments on Alcator C-Mod, JET and ASDEX Upgrade. To exhaust power at high parallel heat flux, q∥ > 1 GW/m2, while minimizing erosion, reactors with solid, high-Z plasma facing components (PFCs) are expected to use extrinsic impurity seeding. Due to transport and atomic physics processes which impact impurity ionization balance, so-called ‘non-coronal’ effects, we do not accurately know and have yet to demonstrate the maximum q∥ which can be mitigated in a tokamak. Radiation enhancement for nitrogen is shown to arise primarily from changes in Li- and Be-like charge states on open field lines, but also through transport-driven enhancement of H- and He-like charge states in the pedestal region. Measurements are presented from nitrogen seeded H-mode and L-mode plasmas where emission from N1+ through N6+ are observed. Active charge exchange spectroscopy of partially ionized low-Z impurities in the plasma edge is explored to measure N5+ and N6+ within the confined plasma, while passive UV and visible spectroscopy is used to measure N1+-N4+ in the boundary. Examples from recent JET and Alcator C-Mod experiments which employ nitrogen seeding highlight how improving spectroscopic coverage can be used to gain empirical insight and provide more data to validate boundary simulations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352179116302034 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
M.L. Reinke A. Meigs E. Delabie R. Mumgaard F. Reimold S. Potzel M. Bernert D. Brunner J. Canik M. Cavedon I. Coffey E. Edlund J. Harrison B. LaBombard K. Lawson B. Lomanowski J. Lore M. Stamp J. Terry E. Viezzer |
spellingShingle |
M.L. Reinke A. Meigs E. Delabie R. Mumgaard F. Reimold S. Potzel M. Bernert D. Brunner J. Canik M. Cavedon I. Coffey E. Edlund J. Harrison B. LaBombard K. Lawson B. Lomanowski J. Lore M. Stamp J. Terry E. Viezzer Expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-Z dissipative divertors Nuclear Materials and Energy |
author_facet |
M.L. Reinke A. Meigs E. Delabie R. Mumgaard F. Reimold S. Potzel M. Bernert D. Brunner J. Canik M. Cavedon I. Coffey E. Edlund J. Harrison B. LaBombard K. Lawson B. Lomanowski J. Lore M. Stamp J. Terry E. Viezzer |
author_sort |
M.L. Reinke |
title |
Expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-Z dissipative divertors |
title_short |
Expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-Z dissipative divertors |
title_full |
Expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-Z dissipative divertors |
title_fullStr |
Expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-Z dissipative divertors |
title_full_unstemmed |
Expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-Z dissipative divertors |
title_sort |
expanding the role of impurity spectroscopy for investigating the physics of high-z dissipative divertors |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Nuclear Materials and Energy |
issn |
2352-1791 |
publishDate |
2017-08-01 |
description |
New techniques that attempt to more fully exploit spectroscopic diagnostics in the divertor and pedestal region during highly dissipative scenarios are demonstrated using experimental results from recent low-Z seeding experiments on Alcator C-Mod, JET and ASDEX Upgrade. To exhaust power at high parallel heat flux, q∥ > 1 GW/m2, while minimizing erosion, reactors with solid, high-Z plasma facing components (PFCs) are expected to use extrinsic impurity seeding. Due to transport and atomic physics processes which impact impurity ionization balance, so-called ‘non-coronal’ effects, we do not accurately know and have yet to demonstrate the maximum q∥ which can be mitigated in a tokamak. Radiation enhancement for nitrogen is shown to arise primarily from changes in Li- and Be-like charge states on open field lines, but also through transport-driven enhancement of H- and He-like charge states in the pedestal region. Measurements are presented from nitrogen seeded H-mode and L-mode plasmas where emission from N1+ through N6+ are observed. Active charge exchange spectroscopy of partially ionized low-Z impurities in the plasma edge is explored to measure N5+ and N6+ within the confined plasma, while passive UV and visible spectroscopy is used to measure N1+-N4+ in the boundary. Examples from recent JET and Alcator C-Mod experiments which employ nitrogen seeding highlight how improving spectroscopic coverage can be used to gain empirical insight and provide more data to validate boundary simulations. |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352179116302034 |
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