Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era
The identification of monkeypox in 3 separate patients in the United Kingdom in September raised media and political attention on an emerging public health threat. Nigeria, whose last confirmed case of monkeypox was in 1978, is currently experiencing an unusually large and outbreak of human monkeypo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971218345879 |
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doaj-db424ae7c8ba428083145a4f385b748c2020-11-24T22:05:03ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122019-01-01787884Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication eraEskild Petersen0Ibrahim Abubakar1Chikwe Ihekweazu2David Heymann3Francine Ntoumi4Lucille Blumberg5Danny Asogun6Victor Mukonka7Swaib Abubaker Lule8Matthew Bates9Isobella Honeyborne10Sayoki Mfinanga11Peter Mwaba12Osman Dar13Francesco Vairo14Maowia Mukhtar15Richard Kock16Timothy D. McHugh17Giuseppe Ippolito18Alimuddin Zumla19Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Aarhus, Denmark; The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman; ESCMID Emerging Infections Task Force, Basel, Switzerland; Corresponding author at: Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Aarhus, Denmark.Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United KingdomNigeria Centre for Disease Control, Jabi, Abuja, NigeriaFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United KingdomUniversity Marien NGouabi and Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale (FCRM), Brazzaville, CongoNational Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South AfricaDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, NigeriaZambia National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, ZambiaInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, United KingdomHerpeZ and UNZA-UCLMS Project, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia; School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United KingdomDivision of Infection and Immunity, Center for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, London, United KingdomNational Institute of Medical Research Muhimbili, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaUNZA-UCLMS Project, and Lusaka Apex University Medical School, Lusaka, ZambiaPublic Health England, London, United Kingdom; Chatham House Centre on Global Health Security, London, United KingdomNational Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, ItalyInstitute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, SudanDepartment of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, United KingdomDivision of Infection and Immunity, Center for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, London, United KingdomNational Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, ItalyDivision of Infection and Immunity, Center for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, United Kingdom; The National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at UCL Hospitals, London, United KingdomThe identification of monkeypox in 3 separate patients in the United Kingdom in September raised media and political attention on an emerging public health threat. Nigeria, whose last confirmed case of monkeypox was in 1978, is currently experiencing an unusually large and outbreak of human monkeypox cases, a ‘One Human-Environmental-Animal Health’ approach is being effectively used to define and tackle the outbreak. As of 13th October 2018, there have been one hundred and sixteen confirmed cases the majority of whom are under 40 years. Over the past 20 years ten Central and West African countries have reported monkeypox cases which have risen exponentially. We review the history and evolution of monkeypox outbreaks in Africa and USA, the changing clinical presentations, and discuss possible factors underlying the increasing numbers being detected including the cessation of smallpox vaccination programs. Major knowledge gaps remain on the epidemiology, host reservoir, and emergence, transmission, pathogenesis and prevention of monkeypoz.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971218345879 |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Eskild Petersen Ibrahim Abubakar Chikwe Ihekweazu David Heymann Francine Ntoumi Lucille Blumberg Danny Asogun Victor Mukonka Swaib Abubaker Lule Matthew Bates Isobella Honeyborne Sayoki Mfinanga Peter Mwaba Osman Dar Francesco Vairo Maowia Mukhtar Richard Kock Timothy D. McHugh Giuseppe Ippolito Alimuddin Zumla |
| spellingShingle |
Eskild Petersen Ibrahim Abubakar Chikwe Ihekweazu David Heymann Francine Ntoumi Lucille Blumberg Danny Asogun Victor Mukonka Swaib Abubaker Lule Matthew Bates Isobella Honeyborne Sayoki Mfinanga Peter Mwaba Osman Dar Francesco Vairo Maowia Mukhtar Richard Kock Timothy D. McHugh Giuseppe Ippolito Alimuddin Zumla Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| author_facet |
Eskild Petersen Ibrahim Abubakar Chikwe Ihekweazu David Heymann Francine Ntoumi Lucille Blumberg Danny Asogun Victor Mukonka Swaib Abubaker Lule Matthew Bates Isobella Honeyborne Sayoki Mfinanga Peter Mwaba Osman Dar Francesco Vairo Maowia Mukhtar Richard Kock Timothy D. McHugh Giuseppe Ippolito Alimuddin Zumla |
| author_sort |
Eskild Petersen |
| title |
Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era |
| title_short |
Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era |
| title_full |
Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era |
| title_fullStr |
Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Monkeypox — Enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era |
| title_sort |
monkeypox — enhancing public health preparedness for an emerging lethal human zoonotic epidemic threat in the wake of the smallpox post-eradication era |
| publisher |
Elsevier |
| series |
International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| issn |
1201-9712 |
| publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
| description |
The identification of monkeypox in 3 separate patients in the United Kingdom in September raised media and political attention on an emerging public health threat. Nigeria, whose last confirmed case of monkeypox was in 1978, is currently experiencing an unusually large and outbreak of human monkeypox cases, a ‘One Human-Environmental-Animal Health’ approach is being effectively used to define and tackle the outbreak. As of 13th October 2018, there have been one hundred and sixteen confirmed cases the majority of whom are under 40 years. Over the past 20 years ten Central and West African countries have reported monkeypox cases which have risen exponentially. We review the history and evolution of monkeypox outbreaks in Africa and USA, the changing clinical presentations, and discuss possible factors underlying the increasing numbers being detected including the cessation of smallpox vaccination programs. Major knowledge gaps remain on the epidemiology, host reservoir, and emergence, transmission, pathogenesis and prevention of monkeypoz. |
| url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971218345879 |
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