Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries
Abstract Background Existing research has documented inconsistent findings for the associations among breakfast frequency, physical activity (PA), and sedentary time in children. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations among breakfast frequency and objectively-measured PA and s...
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2019-02-01
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Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-6542-6 |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Julia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer Fiona B. Gillison Peter T. Katzmarzyk Emily F. Mire Stephanie T. Broyles Catherine M. Champagne Jean-Philippe Chaput Kara D. Denstel Mikael Fogelholm Gang Hu Estelle V. Lambert Carol Maher José Maia Tim Olds Vincent Onywera Olga L. Sarmiento Mark S. Tremblay Catrine Tudor-Locke Martyn Standage for the ISCOLE Research Group |
spellingShingle |
Julia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer Fiona B. Gillison Peter T. Katzmarzyk Emily F. Mire Stephanie T. Broyles Catherine M. Champagne Jean-Philippe Chaput Kara D. Denstel Mikael Fogelholm Gang Hu Estelle V. Lambert Carol Maher José Maia Tim Olds Vincent Onywera Olga L. Sarmiento Mark S. Tremblay Catrine Tudor-Locke Martyn Standage for the ISCOLE Research Group Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries BMC Public Health Exercise Health Fasting International Nutrition Youth |
author_facet |
Julia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer Fiona B. Gillison Peter T. Katzmarzyk Emily F. Mire Stephanie T. Broyles Catherine M. Champagne Jean-Philippe Chaput Kara D. Denstel Mikael Fogelholm Gang Hu Estelle V. Lambert Carol Maher José Maia Tim Olds Vincent Onywera Olga L. Sarmiento Mark S. Tremblay Catrine Tudor-Locke Martyn Standage for the ISCOLE Research Group |
author_sort |
Julia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer |
title |
Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries |
title_short |
Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries |
title_full |
Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries |
title_fullStr |
Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries |
title_sort |
association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Public Health |
issn |
1471-2458 |
publishDate |
2019-02-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Existing research has documented inconsistent findings for the associations among breakfast frequency, physical activity (PA), and sedentary time in children. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations among breakfast frequency and objectively-measured PA and sedentary time in a sample of children from 12 countries representing a wide range of human development, economic development and inequality. The secondary aim was to examine interactions of these associations between study sites. Methods This multinational, cross-sectional study included 6228 children aged 9–11 years from the 12 International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment sites. Multilevel statistical models were used to examine associations between self-reported habitual breakfast frequency defined using three categories (breakfast consumed 0 to 2 days/week [rare], 3 to 5 days/week [occasional] or 6 to 7 days/week [frequent]) or two categories (breakfast consumed less than daily or daily) and accelerometry-derived PA and sedentary time during the morning (wake time to 1200 h) and afternoon (1200 h to bed time) with study site included as an interaction term. Model covariates included age, sex, highest parental education, body mass index z-score, and accelerometer waking wear time. Results Participants averaged 60 (s.d. 25) min/day in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), 315 (s.d. 53) min/day in light PA and 513 (s.d. 69) min/day sedentary. Controlling for covariates, breakfast frequency was not significantly associated with total daily or afternoon PA and sedentary time. For the morning, frequent breakfast consumption was associated with a higher proportion of time in MVPA (0.3%), higher proportion of time in light PA (1.0%) and lower min/day and proportion of time sedentary (3.4 min/day and 1.3%) than rare breakfast consumption (all p ≤ 0.05). No significant associations were found when comparing occasional with rare or frequent breakfast consumption, or daily with less than daily breakfast consumption. Very few significant interactions with study site were found. Conclusions In this multinational sample of children, frequent breakfast consumption was associated with higher MVPA and light PA time and lower sedentary time in the morning when compared with rare breakfast consumption, although the small magnitude of the associations may lack clinical relevance. Trial registration The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) is registered at (Identifier NCT01722500). |
topic |
Exercise Health Fasting International Nutrition Youth |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-6542-6 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-db49ff22c1c4486c82b7bb4355aea70d2020-11-25T02:14:08ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582019-02-0119111110.1186/s12889-019-6542-6Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countriesJulia K. Zakrzewski-Fruer0Fiona B. Gillison1Peter T. Katzmarzyk2Emily F. Mire3Stephanie T. Broyles4Catherine M. Champagne5Jean-Philippe Chaput6Kara D. Denstel7Mikael Fogelholm8Gang Hu9Estelle V. Lambert10Carol Maher11José Maia12Tim Olds13Vincent Onywera14Olga L. Sarmiento15Mark S. Tremblay16Catrine Tudor-Locke17Martyn Standage18for the ISCOLE Research GroupInstitute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of BedfordshireDepartment for Health, University of BathPennington Biomedical Research CenterPennington Biomedical Research CenterPennington Biomedical Research CenterPennington Biomedical Research CenterCHEOPennington Biomedical Research CenterDepartment of Food and Nutrition, University of HelsinkiPennington Biomedical Research CenterUCT Research Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS), Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape TownAlliance for Research In Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaCIFI2D, Faculdade de Desporto, University of PortoAlliance for Research In Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaDepartment of Recreation Management and Exercise Science, Kenyatta UniversitySchool of Medicine Universidad de los AndesCHEOPennington Biomedical Research CenterDepartment for Health, University of BathAbstract Background Existing research has documented inconsistent findings for the associations among breakfast frequency, physical activity (PA), and sedentary time in children. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations among breakfast frequency and objectively-measured PA and sedentary time in a sample of children from 12 countries representing a wide range of human development, economic development and inequality. The secondary aim was to examine interactions of these associations between study sites. Methods This multinational, cross-sectional study included 6228 children aged 9–11 years from the 12 International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment sites. Multilevel statistical models were used to examine associations between self-reported habitual breakfast frequency defined using three categories (breakfast consumed 0 to 2 days/week [rare], 3 to 5 days/week [occasional] or 6 to 7 days/week [frequent]) or two categories (breakfast consumed less than daily or daily) and accelerometry-derived PA and sedentary time during the morning (wake time to 1200 h) and afternoon (1200 h to bed time) with study site included as an interaction term. Model covariates included age, sex, highest parental education, body mass index z-score, and accelerometer waking wear time. Results Participants averaged 60 (s.d. 25) min/day in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), 315 (s.d. 53) min/day in light PA and 513 (s.d. 69) min/day sedentary. Controlling for covariates, breakfast frequency was not significantly associated with total daily or afternoon PA and sedentary time. For the morning, frequent breakfast consumption was associated with a higher proportion of time in MVPA (0.3%), higher proportion of time in light PA (1.0%) and lower min/day and proportion of time sedentary (3.4 min/day and 1.3%) than rare breakfast consumption (all p ≤ 0.05). No significant associations were found when comparing occasional with rare or frequent breakfast consumption, or daily with less than daily breakfast consumption. Very few significant interactions with study site were found. Conclusions In this multinational sample of children, frequent breakfast consumption was associated with higher MVPA and light PA time and lower sedentary time in the morning when compared with rare breakfast consumption, although the small magnitude of the associations may lack clinical relevance. Trial registration The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) is registered at (Identifier NCT01722500).http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-6542-6ExerciseHealthFastingInternationalNutritionYouth |