The Interplay between Mitochondrial Morphology and Myomitokines in Aging Sarcopenia
Sarcopenia is a chronic disease characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, force, and function during aging. It is an emerging public problem associated with poor quality of life, disability, frailty, and high mortality. A decline in mitochondria quality control pathways constitu...
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doaj-db8f9ba306354faf859981f097a20fb72020-12-24T00:06:25ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-12-0122919110.3390/ijms22010091The Interplay between Mitochondrial Morphology and Myomitokines in Aging SarcopeniaVanina Romanello0Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, ItalySarcopenia is a chronic disease characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, force, and function during aging. It is an emerging public problem associated with poor quality of life, disability, frailty, and high mortality. A decline in mitochondria quality control pathways constitutes a major mechanism driving aging sarcopenia, causing abnormal organelle accumulation over a lifetime. The resulting mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenic muscles feedbacks systemically by releasing the myomitokines fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), influencing the whole-body homeostasis and dictating healthy or unhealthy aging. This review describes the principal pathways controlling mitochondrial quality, many of which are potential therapeutic targets against muscle aging, and the connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and the myomitokines FGF21 and GDF15 in the pathogenesis of aging sarcopenia.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/1/91mitochondrial dynamicsfusionfissionmitophagysarcopeniaFGF21 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Vanina Romanello |
spellingShingle |
Vanina Romanello The Interplay between Mitochondrial Morphology and Myomitokines in Aging Sarcopenia International Journal of Molecular Sciences mitochondrial dynamics fusion fission mitophagy sarcopenia FGF21 |
author_facet |
Vanina Romanello |
author_sort |
Vanina Romanello |
title |
The Interplay between Mitochondrial Morphology and Myomitokines in Aging Sarcopenia |
title_short |
The Interplay between Mitochondrial Morphology and Myomitokines in Aging Sarcopenia |
title_full |
The Interplay between Mitochondrial Morphology and Myomitokines in Aging Sarcopenia |
title_fullStr |
The Interplay between Mitochondrial Morphology and Myomitokines in Aging Sarcopenia |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Interplay between Mitochondrial Morphology and Myomitokines in Aging Sarcopenia |
title_sort |
interplay between mitochondrial morphology and myomitokines in aging sarcopenia |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2021-12-01 |
description |
Sarcopenia is a chronic disease characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, force, and function during aging. It is an emerging public problem associated with poor quality of life, disability, frailty, and high mortality. A decline in mitochondria quality control pathways constitutes a major mechanism driving aging sarcopenia, causing abnormal organelle accumulation over a lifetime. The resulting mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenic muscles feedbacks systemically by releasing the myomitokines fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), influencing the whole-body homeostasis and dictating healthy or unhealthy aging. This review describes the principal pathways controlling mitochondrial quality, many of which are potential therapeutic targets against muscle aging, and the connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and the myomitokines FGF21 and GDF15 in the pathogenesis of aging sarcopenia. |
topic |
mitochondrial dynamics fusion fission mitophagy sarcopenia FGF21 |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/1/91 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT vaninaromanello theinterplaybetweenmitochondrialmorphologyandmyomitokinesinagingsarcopenia AT vaninaromanello interplaybetweenmitochondrialmorphologyandmyomitokinesinagingsarcopenia |
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