Regional innovative policy: Developed countries' experience and lessons for Russia

• Main Authors: Beljaeva Julija, Timonin Aleksandr
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Visoka poslovna škola strukovnih studija, Novi Sad 2012-01-01
• Series: Škola Biznisa
• Subjects: innovations; regional innovative system; innovative activity stimulation; innovative policy instruments
• Online Access: http://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/1451-6551/2012/1451-65511201063B.pdf

The research into formation of national innovative system at the regional level in developed countries gives the opportunity to reveal specific instruments of governmental policy and their adoption in Russian conditions. Nowadays Europe has got its general task in science development to build up common scientific area. According to the European Commission, it is possible to perform this task if EU countries and agree to unite their resources, and their national scientific policy is reformed under this common European standard. The main instrument of EU scientific and technological policy is European Framework programs of scientific research and technological development. In the context of these programs free funding is given as support to international scientific and technological projects. So, the most favorable climate is being created in Europe, which will let it become one of the centers of worldwide scientific research. The Japanese model of regional innovative system assumes building of brand new cities that is technology towns concentrating scientific research in forward spheres and industrial production. Herewith building of such technology towns to a great extent is funded at the regional level. Tax incentives play the significant role in the innovative activity stimulation in developed countries. For example, in Great Britain big corporations have the right to write down 125% of their scientific expenses to the cost, small write down 150%. Taxable profit decreases by a certain per cent what depends on increasing in expenses on scientific research. In another at a very high speed building up its innovative capital country - China - a differentiated VAT rate takes place. On average it is 18%, but it is twice lower in the sphere of IT. So, analysis of foreign experience of innovative development lets us underline the following necessary instruments of innovative policy: Private and governmental partnership in financing of academic and private science along with financing in the sphere of high-tech companies at the earliest stages of their activity (seed and start-up). Organization of network cooperation among innovative process participants in order to improve effectiveness of technology transfer processes. Taxation preferences and stimulation.