Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with Schizophrenia
Background: The Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test (RSAT) is designed to measure selective attention. It tests automatic detection speed (ADS), automatic detection errors (ADE), automatic detection accuracy (ADA), controlled search speed (CSS), controlled search errors (CSE), and controlled searc...
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doaj-dd8f6bd3b46d435f99c42994a31944a92021-09-26T00:17:27ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012021-09-01189440944010.3390/ijerph18189440Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with SchizophreniaPosen Lee0Ping-Chia Li1Chin-Hsuan Liu2Hung-Yu Lin3Chien-Yu Huang4Ching-Lin Hsieh5Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, TaiwanDepartment of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, TaiwanDepartment of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, TaiwanDepartment of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, TaiwanDepartment of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, TaiwanDepartment of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, TaiwanBackground: The Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test (RSAT) is designed to measure selective attention. It tests automatic detection speed (ADS), automatic detection errors (ADE), automatic detection accuracy (ADA), controlled search speed (CSS), controlled search errors (CSE), and controlled search accuracy (CSA). The purpose of this study was to examine the test–retest reliability, practice effect, and minimum detectable change (MDC) of the RSAT in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 101 patients with schizophrenia completed the RSAT twice at a 4-week interval. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), paired <i>t</i> test, and effect size were used to examine the test–retest reliability and practice effect. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and MDC were calculated. Results: The difference scores between the two assessments were significant in all the indexes. The absolute effect sizes were 0.14 to 0.30. The ICCs of the RSAT ranged from 0.69 to 0.91. The MDC% in the indexes of ADS, ADA, and CSA of the RSAT were <30%. Conclusions: The RSAT is reliable for assessing selective attention in patients with schizophrenia. The RSAT has good to excellent test–retest reliability, a trivial to small practice effect, and indexes of ADS, ADA, and CSA, representing acceptable random measurement error.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/18/9440selective attentionassessmenttest–retest reliabilitypractice effectschizophreniapsychometric properties |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Posen Lee Ping-Chia Li Chin-Hsuan Liu Hung-Yu Lin Chien-Yu Huang Ching-Lin Hsieh |
spellingShingle |
Posen Lee Ping-Chia Li Chin-Hsuan Liu Hung-Yu Lin Chien-Yu Huang Ching-Lin Hsieh Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with Schizophrenia International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health selective attention assessment test–retest reliability practice effect schizophrenia psychometric properties |
author_facet |
Posen Lee Ping-Chia Li Chin-Hsuan Liu Hung-Yu Lin Chien-Yu Huang Ching-Lin Hsieh |
author_sort |
Posen Lee |
title |
Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with Schizophrenia |
title_short |
Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with Schizophrenia |
title_full |
Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with Schizophrenia |
title_fullStr |
Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with Schizophrenia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with Schizophrenia |
title_sort |
practice effects, test–retest reliability, and minimal detectable change of the ruff 2 and 7 selective attention test in patients with schizophrenia |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Background: The Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test (RSAT) is designed to measure selective attention. It tests automatic detection speed (ADS), automatic detection errors (ADE), automatic detection accuracy (ADA), controlled search speed (CSS), controlled search errors (CSE), and controlled search accuracy (CSA). The purpose of this study was to examine the test–retest reliability, practice effect, and minimum detectable change (MDC) of the RSAT in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 101 patients with schizophrenia completed the RSAT twice at a 4-week interval. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), paired <i>t</i> test, and effect size were used to examine the test–retest reliability and practice effect. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and MDC were calculated. Results: The difference scores between the two assessments were significant in all the indexes. The absolute effect sizes were 0.14 to 0.30. The ICCs of the RSAT ranged from 0.69 to 0.91. The MDC% in the indexes of ADS, ADA, and CSA of the RSAT were <30%. Conclusions: The RSAT is reliable for assessing selective attention in patients with schizophrenia. The RSAT has good to excellent test–retest reliability, a trivial to small practice effect, and indexes of ADS, ADA, and CSA, representing acceptable random measurement error. |
topic |
selective attention assessment test–retest reliability practice effect schizophrenia psychometric properties |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/18/9440 |
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