Biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils using indigenous bacterial consortium

• Main Authors: Yalda Basim, Ghasemali Mohebali, Sahand Jorfi, Ramin Nabizadeh, Mehdi Ahmadi Moghadam, Ata Ghadiri, Nematollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kerman University of Medical Sciences 2020-06-01
• Series: Environmental Health Engineering and Management
• Subjects: oil-contaminated soils; biodegradation; bacterial diversity; total petroleum hydrocarbons; indigenous bacterial consortium
• Online Access: http://ehemj.com/article-1-615-en.html

Background: Biodegradation of hydrocarbon compounds is a great environmental concern due to their toxic nature and ubiquitous occurrence. In this study, biodegradation potential of oily soils was investigated in an oil field using indigenous bacterial consortium. Methods: The bacterial strains present in the contaminated and non-contaminated soils were identified via DNA extraction using 16S rDNA gene sequencing during six months. Furthermore, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were removed from oil-contaminated soils. The TPH values were determined using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Results: The bacterial consortium identified in oil-contaminated soils (case) belonged to the families Halomonadaceae (91.5%) and Bacillaceae (8.5%), which was significantly different from those identified in non-contaminated soils (control) belonging to the families Enterobacteriaceae (84.6%), Paenibacillaceae (6%), and Bacillaceae (9.4%). It was revealed that the diversity of bacterial strains was less in oil-contaminated soils and varied significantly between case and control samples. Indigenous bacterial consortium was used in oil-contaminated soils without need for amplification of heterogeneous bacteria and the results showed that the identified bacterial strains could be introduced as a sufficient consortium for biodegradation of oil-contaminated soils with similar texture, which is one of the innovative aspects of this research. Conclusion: An oil-contaminated soil sample with TPH concentration of 1640 mg/kg was subjected to bioremediation during 6 months using indigenous bacterial consortium and a TPH removal efficiency of 28.1% was obtained.