Nanofibrillation Is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in Soybean
Chitin, an <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine polymer, is well-known to have unique biological functions, such as growth promotion and disease resistance induction in plants. Chitin has been expectedly used for improving crop yield using its functions; however, chitin derivatives, such as chitin...
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doaj-ddd5be2fdba645c0b806c781c591363f2020-11-25T02:47:51ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-06-01981081010.3390/plants9070810Nanofibrillation Is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in SoybeanHironori Kaminaka0Chihiro Miura1Yukiko Isowa2Takaya Tominaga3Mamu Gonnami4Mayumi Egusa5Shinsuke Ifuku6Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanThe United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanDepartment of Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Sustainable Science, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, JapanGraduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, JapanChitin, an <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine polymer, is well-known to have unique biological functions, such as growth promotion and disease resistance induction in plants. Chitin has been expectedly used for improving crop yield using its functions; however, chitin derivatives, such as chitin oligosaccharide (CO) and chitosan, are widely used instead since chitin is difficult to handle because of its insolubility. Chitin nanofiber (CNF), produced from chitin through nanofibrillation, retains its polymeric structure and can be dispersed uniformly even in water. Here, the effects of CO and CNF on plant responses were directly compared in soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i>) to define the most effective method to produce chitin derivatives for plant response induction. The growth promotion of aerial parts was observed only in CNF-treated plants. The transcriptome analysis showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CNF-treated soybeans was higher than in CO-treated soybeans. Notably, the expression patterns of DEGs were mostly similar but were strongly induced by CNF treatment as compared with the CO group. These results reveal that CNF can induce stronger plant response to chitin than CO in soybeans, suggesting nanofibrillation, rather than oligomerization, as a more effective method to produce chitin derivatives for plant response induction.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/7/810chitinchitin nanofiber<i>Glycine max</i>growth promotionnanofibrillationtranscriptome |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hironori Kaminaka Chihiro Miura Yukiko Isowa Takaya Tominaga Mamu Gonnami Mayumi Egusa Shinsuke Ifuku |
spellingShingle |
Hironori Kaminaka Chihiro Miura Yukiko Isowa Takaya Tominaga Mamu Gonnami Mayumi Egusa Shinsuke Ifuku Nanofibrillation Is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in Soybean Plants chitin chitin nanofiber <i>Glycine max</i> growth promotion nanofibrillation transcriptome |
author_facet |
Hironori Kaminaka Chihiro Miura Yukiko Isowa Takaya Tominaga Mamu Gonnami Mayumi Egusa Shinsuke Ifuku |
author_sort |
Hironori Kaminaka |
title |
Nanofibrillation Is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in Soybean |
title_short |
Nanofibrillation Is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in Soybean |
title_full |
Nanofibrillation Is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in Soybean |
title_fullStr |
Nanofibrillation Is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in Soybean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nanofibrillation Is an Effective Method to Produce Chitin Derivatives for Induction of Plant Responses in Soybean |
title_sort |
nanofibrillation is an effective method to produce chitin derivatives for induction of plant responses in soybean |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Plants |
issn |
2223-7747 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
Chitin, an <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine polymer, is well-known to have unique biological functions, such as growth promotion and disease resistance induction in plants. Chitin has been expectedly used for improving crop yield using its functions; however, chitin derivatives, such as chitin oligosaccharide (CO) and chitosan, are widely used instead since chitin is difficult to handle because of its insolubility. Chitin nanofiber (CNF), produced from chitin through nanofibrillation, retains its polymeric structure and can be dispersed uniformly even in water. Here, the effects of CO and CNF on plant responses were directly compared in soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i>) to define the most effective method to produce chitin derivatives for plant response induction. The growth promotion of aerial parts was observed only in CNF-treated plants. The transcriptome analysis showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CNF-treated soybeans was higher than in CO-treated soybeans. Notably, the expression patterns of DEGs were mostly similar but were strongly induced by CNF treatment as compared with the CO group. These results reveal that CNF can induce stronger plant response to chitin than CO in soybeans, suggesting nanofibrillation, rather than oligomerization, as a more effective method to produce chitin derivatives for plant response induction. |
topic |
chitin chitin nanofiber <i>Glycine max</i> growth promotion nanofibrillation transcriptome |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/7/810 |
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