VICTIMA DETERMINĂRII LA SINUCIDERE (ART.150 CP RM): EXPLICAŢII PSIHOLOGO-PSIHIATRICE ÎN LUAREA DECIZIEI DEFINITIVE DE SUICID

• Main Author: Lilia GÎRLA
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moldova State University 2016-11-01
• Series: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae: Stiinte Sociale
• Subjects: suicide; suicide-threat; suicidal ambition; suicidal equivalent; succeeded suicide; inducement to suicide; consumed suicide; attempted suicide; psychological portrait of the victim; causal relationship between suicidal distur¬bance and the act of suicide
• Online Access: http://ojs.studiamsu.eu/index.php/social/article/view/430

<p>Scopul acestui studiu constă în: cercetarea ştiinţifică a portretului psihologic al victimei determinării la sinucidere (art.150 CP RM) prin oferirea explicaţiilor psihologo-psihiatrice, precum şi medico-legale relevante momentului for­mă­rii şi luării deciziei suicidare la victimă. În special, mesajul este dedicat aspectelor contradictorii de delimitare a suicidu­lui voluntar, a determinării la sinucidere de omorul intenţionat al victimei săvârşit prin forţa lui fizică. În acest sens, autorul a aderat la opiniile doctrinare care promovează ideea că factorii interni (cum ar fi patologia psihiatrică la victimă) este una determinativă la săvârşirea actului suicidar „voluntar”, iar factorii sociali (externi) sunt caracteristici determinării la sinucidere în sensul art.150 CP RM, cu condiţia că aceşti factori sunt „necesari” şi „suficienţi” (condiţie <em>sine qua non</em>) pentru luarea deciziei suicidare. În cazul în care decizia de a se sinucide nu se află în legătură de cauzalitate cu com­porta­mentul făptuitorului, fiind o reacţie imprevizibilă, irelevantă şi excesivă, componenţa infracţională prevăzută la art.150 CP RM va lipsi. Problema sinuciderii în cadrul eutanasiei nu constituie obiectul de cercetare al acestui articol.</p><p>Pentru a obţine concluzii relevante şi superioare celor precedente în doctrină, se va purcede la o analiză multiaspec­tuală a conceptului de suicid, la o abordare pluridisciplinară (drept penal, psihologie, psihiatrie, medicina legală, crimi­no­logie, sociologie) a acestui fenomen, precum şi vor fi utilizate anumite concluzii relevante din practica CtEDO, practica judiciară a Republicii Moldova şi cea a României.</p><p><strong>victim of the inducement to suicide (art.150 Cc rm): psychological and psychiatric explanations concerning the final decision-making in the suicide</strong></p><p>The basic purpose of present study consists in scientific research of the psychological portrait of the victim in cases of inducement to suicide (art.150 CC RM) by means of psychological and psychiatric explanations as well as of the forensic medicine, which are relevant to the moment of decision-making in suicide.</p><p>Especially, this scientific revise is dedicated to the most disputable aspects of differentiation between voluntary suicide, induced suicide and intentional murder of the victim committed by its physical force. As a result, the author has accepted the scientific points of view which are promoting the idea that the internal causes (such as psychiatric pathology of the victim) is the determinative one during the commission of ‘voluntary’ suicide, when the social causes (external) characterize the inducement to suicide in the sense of the article 150 CC RM, but a condition must be respected (condition sine qua non) – such causes must be ‘necessary’ and ‘sufficient’ in the process of decision-making in the cases of induced suicide. In such cases when the decision to commit a suicide being an individual, irrelevant, unforeseeable and excessive reaction of the victim is not in a causal relationship with the criminal misbehavior of the offender, and, as a result, the Corpus Delicti of inducement to suicide (art.150 CC RM) will be absent. The problem of euthanasia is not a matter of this scientific article.</p><p>In order to obtain conclusions and recommendations which would be relevant and superior to the precedent scientific results, there will be performed a multilateral analysis of the suicide concept, an extensive scientific approach of the discussed phenomenon with implications of criminal law (psychology, psychiatry, legal medicine, criminology and sociology), as well as the demonstration of relevance of some cases from ECHR, and relevant judicial practice from Moldova and Romania.</p>