Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets
Multiple viruses with zoonotic potential have been isolated from bats globally. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel paramyxovirus, Alston virus (AlsPV), isolated from urine collected from an Australian pteropid bat colony in Alstonville, New South Wales. Characterization o...
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doaj-de6def3dbd9d4d1bb10177366abfe0572020-11-24T21:28:04ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152018-11-01101267510.3390/v10120675v10120675Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged FerretsRebecca I. Johnson0Mary Tachedjian1Brenton Rowe2Bronwyn A. Clayton3Rachel Layton4Jemma Bergfeld5Lin-Fa Wang6Glenn A. Marsh7CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong 3220, AustraliaCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong 3220, AustraliaCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong 3220, AustraliaCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong 3220, AustraliaCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong 3220, AustraliaCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong 3220, AustraliaProgramme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, SingaporeCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong 3220, AustraliaMultiple viruses with zoonotic potential have been isolated from bats globally. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel paramyxovirus, Alston virus (AlsPV), isolated from urine collected from an Australian pteropid bat colony in Alstonville, New South Wales. Characterization of AlsPV by whole-genome sequencing and analyzing antigenic relatedness revealed it is a rubulavirus that is closely related to parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5). Intranasal exposure of mice to AlsPV resulted in no clinical signs of disease, although viral RNA was detected in the olfactory bulbs of two mice at 21 days post exposure. Oronasal challenge of ferrets resulted in subclinical upper respiratory tract infection, viral shedding in respiratory secretions, and detection of viral antigen in the olfactory bulb of the brain. These results imply that AlsPV may be similar to PIV5 in its ability to infect multiple mammalian host species. This isolation of a novel paramyxovirus with the potential to transmit from bats to other mammalian species reinforces the importance of continued surveillance of bats as a source of emerging viruses.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/12/675paramyxovirusbat-bornezoonoses |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rebecca I. Johnson Mary Tachedjian Brenton Rowe Bronwyn A. Clayton Rachel Layton Jemma Bergfeld Lin-Fa Wang Glenn A. Marsh |
spellingShingle |
Rebecca I. Johnson Mary Tachedjian Brenton Rowe Bronwyn A. Clayton Rachel Layton Jemma Bergfeld Lin-Fa Wang Glenn A. Marsh Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets Viruses paramyxovirus bat-borne zoonoses |
author_facet |
Rebecca I. Johnson Mary Tachedjian Brenton Rowe Bronwyn A. Clayton Rachel Layton Jemma Bergfeld Lin-Fa Wang Glenn A. Marsh |
author_sort |
Rebecca I. Johnson |
title |
Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets |
title_short |
Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets |
title_full |
Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets |
title_fullStr |
Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets |
title_full_unstemmed |
Alston Virus, a Novel Paramyxovirus Isolated from Bats Causes Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Experimentally Challenged Ferrets |
title_sort |
alston virus, a novel paramyxovirus isolated from bats causes upper respiratory tract infection in experimentally challenged ferrets |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Multiple viruses with zoonotic potential have been isolated from bats globally. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel paramyxovirus, Alston virus (AlsPV), isolated from urine collected from an Australian pteropid bat colony in Alstonville, New South Wales. Characterization of AlsPV by whole-genome sequencing and analyzing antigenic relatedness revealed it is a rubulavirus that is closely related to parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5). Intranasal exposure of mice to AlsPV resulted in no clinical signs of disease, although viral RNA was detected in the olfactory bulbs of two mice at 21 days post exposure. Oronasal challenge of ferrets resulted in subclinical upper respiratory tract infection, viral shedding in respiratory secretions, and detection of viral antigen in the olfactory bulb of the brain. These results imply that AlsPV may be similar to PIV5 in its ability to infect multiple mammalian host species. This isolation of a novel paramyxovirus with the potential to transmit from bats to other mammalian species reinforces the importance of continued surveillance of bats as a source of emerging viruses. |
topic |
paramyxovirus bat-borne zoonoses |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/10/12/675 |
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