A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGE
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE)-based epoxy resin is one of the most widely used epoxy resins with an annual production amount of several million tons. Compared with all other legacy or emerging organic compounds, BADGE is special due to its toxicity and high reactivity in the environment. More...
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doaj-df35710713de433c859a1f4f536b6df92021-07-19T04:09:29ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202021-10-01155106701A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGEDongqi Wang0Haoduo Zhao1Xunchang Fei2Shane Allen Synder3Mingliang Fang4Min Liu5State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, ChinaSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, SingaporeSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, SingaporeSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, SingaporeSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; Corresponding authors at: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; Corresponding authors at: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE)-based epoxy resin is one of the most widely used epoxy resins with an annual production amount of several million tons. Compared with all other legacy or emerging organic compounds, BADGE is special due to its toxicity and high reactivity in the environment. More and more studies are available on its analytical methods, occurrence, transformation and toxicity. Here, we provided a comprehensive review of the current BADGE-related studies, with focus on its production, application, available analytical methods, occurrences in the environment and human specimen, abiotic and biotic transformation, as well as the in vitro and in vivo toxicities. The available data show that BADGE and its derivatives are ubiquitous environmental chemicals and often well detected in human specimens. For their analysis, a water-free sample pretreatment should be considered to avoid hydrolysis. Additionally, their complex reactions with endogenous metabolites are areas of great interest. To date, the monitoring and further understanding of their transport and fate in the environment are still quite lacking, comparing with its analogues bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS). In terms of toxicity, the summary of its current studies and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ToxCast toxicity database suggests BADGE might be an endocrine disruptor, though more detailed evidence is still needed to confirm this hypothesis in in vivo animal models. Future study of BADGE should focus on its metabolic transformation, reaction with protein and validation of its role as an endocrine disruptor. We believe that the elucidation of BADGEs can greatly enhance our understandings of those reactive compounds in the environment and human.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021003263Bisphenol a diglycidyl etherOccurrencesAnalytical methodToxicityBiotranformation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dongqi Wang Haoduo Zhao Xunchang Fei Shane Allen Synder Mingliang Fang Min Liu |
spellingShingle |
Dongqi Wang Haoduo Zhao Xunchang Fei Shane Allen Synder Mingliang Fang Min Liu A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGE Environment International Bisphenol a diglycidyl ether Occurrences Analytical method Toxicity Biotranformation |
author_facet |
Dongqi Wang Haoduo Zhao Xunchang Fei Shane Allen Synder Mingliang Fang Min Liu |
author_sort |
Dongqi Wang |
title |
A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGE |
title_short |
A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGE |
title_full |
A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGE |
title_fullStr |
A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGE |
title_full_unstemmed |
A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGE |
title_sort |
comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: badge |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Environment International |
issn |
0160-4120 |
publishDate |
2021-10-01 |
description |
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE)-based epoxy resin is one of the most widely used epoxy resins with an annual production amount of several million tons. Compared with all other legacy or emerging organic compounds, BADGE is special due to its toxicity and high reactivity in the environment. More and more studies are available on its analytical methods, occurrence, transformation and toxicity. Here, we provided a comprehensive review of the current BADGE-related studies, with focus on its production, application, available analytical methods, occurrences in the environment and human specimen, abiotic and biotic transformation, as well as the in vitro and in vivo toxicities. The available data show that BADGE and its derivatives are ubiquitous environmental chemicals and often well detected in human specimens. For their analysis, a water-free sample pretreatment should be considered to avoid hydrolysis. Additionally, their complex reactions with endogenous metabolites are areas of great interest. To date, the monitoring and further understanding of their transport and fate in the environment are still quite lacking, comparing with its analogues bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS). In terms of toxicity, the summary of its current studies and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ToxCast toxicity database suggests BADGE might be an endocrine disruptor, though more detailed evidence is still needed to confirm this hypothesis in in vivo animal models. Future study of BADGE should focus on its metabolic transformation, reaction with protein and validation of its role as an endocrine disruptor. We believe that the elucidation of BADGEs can greatly enhance our understandings of those reactive compounds in the environment and human. |
topic |
Bisphenol a diglycidyl ether Occurrences Analytical method Toxicity Biotranformation |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021003263 |
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