Molecular Phenotyping of White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in Chicken
The White Striping (WS) and Wooden Breast (WB) defects are two myopathic syndromes whose occurrence has recently increased in modern fast-growing broilers. The impact of these defects on the quality of breast meat is very important, as they greatly affect its visual aspect, nutritional value, and pr...
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doaj-df58c732856c42e98a3a54e7d5e697122020-11-25T03:47:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2020-06-011110.3389/fphys.2020.00633549704Molecular Phenotyping of White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in ChickenChristophe Praud0Justine Jimenez1Eva Pampouille2Nathalie Couroussé3Estelle Godet4Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval5Cecile Berri6INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, FranceINRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, FranceInstitut Technique de l’Aviculture, Paris, FranceINRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, FranceINRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, FranceINRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, FranceINRAE, Université de Tours, UMR BOA, Nouzilly, FranceThe White Striping (WS) and Wooden Breast (WB) defects are two myopathic syndromes whose occurrence has recently increased in modern fast-growing broilers. The impact of these defects on the quality of breast meat is very important, as they greatly affect its visual aspect, nutritional value, and processing yields. The research conducted to date has improved our knowledge of the biological processes involved in their occurrence, but no solution has been identified so far to significantly reduce their incidence without affecting growing performance of broilers. This study aims to follow the evolution of molecular phenotypes in relation to both fast-growing rate and the occurrence of defects in order to identify potential biomarkers for diagnostic purposes, but also to improve our understanding of physiological dysregulation involved in the occurrence of WS and WB. This has been achieved through enzymatic, histological, and transcriptional approaches by considering breast muscles from a slow- and a fast-growing line, affected or not by WS and WB. Fast-growing muscles produced more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than slow-growing ones, independently of WS and WB occurrence. Within fast-growing muscles, despite higher mitochondria density, muscles affected by WS or WB defects did not show higher cytochrome oxidase activity (COX) activity, suggesting altered mitochondrial function. Among the markers related to muscle remodeling and regeneration, immunohistochemical staining of FN1, NCAM, and MYH15 was higher in fast- compared to slow-growing muscles, and their amount also increased linearly with the presence and severity of WS and WB defects, making them potential biomarkers to assess accurately their presence and severity. Thanks to an innovative histological technique based on fluorescence intensity measurement, they can be rapidly quantified to estimate the injuries induced in case of WS and WB. The muscular expression of several other genes correlates also positively to the presence and severity of the defects like TGFB1 and CTGF, both involved in the development of connective tissue, or Twist1, known as an inhibitor of myogenesis. Finally, our results suggested that a balance between TGFB1 and PPARG would be essential for fibrosis or adiposis induction and therefore for determining WS and WB phenotypes.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.00633/fullWhite StripingWooden Breastmitochondriamuscle remodelingmolecular phenotype |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Christophe Praud Justine Jimenez Eva Pampouille Nathalie Couroussé Estelle Godet Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval Cecile Berri |
spellingShingle |
Christophe Praud Justine Jimenez Eva Pampouille Nathalie Couroussé Estelle Godet Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval Cecile Berri Molecular Phenotyping of White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in Chicken Frontiers in Physiology White Striping Wooden Breast mitochondria muscle remodeling molecular phenotype |
author_facet |
Christophe Praud Justine Jimenez Eva Pampouille Nathalie Couroussé Estelle Godet Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval Cecile Berri |
author_sort |
Christophe Praud |
title |
Molecular Phenotyping of White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in Chicken |
title_short |
Molecular Phenotyping of White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in Chicken |
title_full |
Molecular Phenotyping of White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in Chicken |
title_fullStr |
Molecular Phenotyping of White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in Chicken |
title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular Phenotyping of White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in Chicken |
title_sort |
molecular phenotyping of white striping and wooden breast myopathies in chicken |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Physiology |
issn |
1664-042X |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
The White Striping (WS) and Wooden Breast (WB) defects are two myopathic syndromes whose occurrence has recently increased in modern fast-growing broilers. The impact of these defects on the quality of breast meat is very important, as they greatly affect its visual aspect, nutritional value, and processing yields. The research conducted to date has improved our knowledge of the biological processes involved in their occurrence, but no solution has been identified so far to significantly reduce their incidence without affecting growing performance of broilers. This study aims to follow the evolution of molecular phenotypes in relation to both fast-growing rate and the occurrence of defects in order to identify potential biomarkers for diagnostic purposes, but also to improve our understanding of physiological dysregulation involved in the occurrence of WS and WB. This has been achieved through enzymatic, histological, and transcriptional approaches by considering breast muscles from a slow- and a fast-growing line, affected or not by WS and WB. Fast-growing muscles produced more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than slow-growing ones, independently of WS and WB occurrence. Within fast-growing muscles, despite higher mitochondria density, muscles affected by WS or WB defects did not show higher cytochrome oxidase activity (COX) activity, suggesting altered mitochondrial function. Among the markers related to muscle remodeling and regeneration, immunohistochemical staining of FN1, NCAM, and MYH15 was higher in fast- compared to slow-growing muscles, and their amount also increased linearly with the presence and severity of WS and WB defects, making them potential biomarkers to assess accurately their presence and severity. Thanks to an innovative histological technique based on fluorescence intensity measurement, they can be rapidly quantified to estimate the injuries induced in case of WS and WB. The muscular expression of several other genes correlates also positively to the presence and severity of the defects like TGFB1 and CTGF, both involved in the development of connective tissue, or Twist1, known as an inhibitor of myogenesis. Finally, our results suggested that a balance between TGFB1 and PPARG would be essential for fibrosis or adiposis induction and therefore for determining WS and WB phenotypes. |
topic |
White Striping Wooden Breast mitochondria muscle remodeling molecular phenotype |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.00633/full |
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