Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global pandemic. The understanding of the transmission and the duration of viral shedding in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still limited. Objectives To assess the timeframe...
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doaj-e00d500b4df24c6084920650bc15165e2021-05-30T11:08:50ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342021-05-012111910.1186/s12879-021-06202-8Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responsesHedvig Glans0Sara Gredmark-Russ1Mikaela Olausson2Sara Falck-Jones3Renata Varnaite4Wanda Christ5Kimia T. Maleki6Maria Lind Karlberg7Sandra Broddesson8Ryan Falck-Jones9Max Bell10Niclas Johansson11Anna Färnert12Anna Smed-Sörensen13Jonas Klingström14Andreas Bråve15Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University HospitalDepartment of Microbiology, Public Health Agency of SwedenDivision of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska InstitutetCenter for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska InstitutetCenter for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska InstitutetCenter for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska InstitutetDepartment of Microbiology, Public Health Agency of SwedenDepartment of Microbiology, Public Health Agency of SwedenDepartment of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University HospitalDepartment of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University HospitalDivision of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska InstitutetCenter for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska InstitutetDepartment of Microbiology, Public Health Agency of SwedenAbstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global pandemic. The understanding of the transmission and the duration of viral shedding in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still limited. Objectives To assess the timeframe and potential risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to antibody response. Method We performed a cross-sectional study of 36 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Karolinska University Hospital. Patients with more than 8 days of symptom duration were sampled from airways, for PCR analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and in vitro culture of replicating virus. Serum SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibodies titers were assessed by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and microneutralization assay. Results SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in airway samples in 23 patients (symptom duration median 15 days, range 9–53 days), whereas 13 patients were SARS-CoV-2 RNA negative (symptom duration median 21 days, range 10–37 days). Replicating virus was detected in samples from 4 patients at 9–16 days. All but two patients had detectable levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG in serum, and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies were detected in 33 out of 36 patients. Total SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG titers and neutralizing antibody titers were positively correlated. High levels of both total IgG and neutralizing antibody titers were observed in patients sampled later after symptom onset and in patients where replicating virus could not be detected. Conclusions Our data suggest that the presence of SARS-Cov-2 specific antibodies in serum may indicate a lower risk of shedding infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06202-8COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Viral sheddingCultureAntibodies |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hedvig Glans Sara Gredmark-Russ Mikaela Olausson Sara Falck-Jones Renata Varnaite Wanda Christ Kimia T. Maleki Maria Lind Karlberg Sandra Broddesson Ryan Falck-Jones Max Bell Niclas Johansson Anna Färnert Anna Smed-Sörensen Jonas Klingström Andreas Bråve |
spellingShingle |
Hedvig Glans Sara Gredmark-Russ Mikaela Olausson Sara Falck-Jones Renata Varnaite Wanda Christ Kimia T. Maleki Maria Lind Karlberg Sandra Broddesson Ryan Falck-Jones Max Bell Niclas Johansson Anna Färnert Anna Smed-Sörensen Jonas Klingström Andreas Bråve Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses BMC Infectious Diseases COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Viral shedding Culture Antibodies |
author_facet |
Hedvig Glans Sara Gredmark-Russ Mikaela Olausson Sara Falck-Jones Renata Varnaite Wanda Christ Kimia T. Maleki Maria Lind Karlberg Sandra Broddesson Ryan Falck-Jones Max Bell Niclas Johansson Anna Färnert Anna Smed-Sörensen Jonas Klingström Andreas Bråve |
author_sort |
Hedvig Glans |
title |
Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses |
title_short |
Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses |
title_full |
Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses |
title_fullStr |
Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses |
title_full_unstemmed |
Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses |
title_sort |
shedding of infectious sars-cov-2 by hospitalized covid-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1471-2334 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global pandemic. The understanding of the transmission and the duration of viral shedding in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still limited. Objectives To assess the timeframe and potential risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to antibody response. Method We performed a cross-sectional study of 36 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Karolinska University Hospital. Patients with more than 8 days of symptom duration were sampled from airways, for PCR analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and in vitro culture of replicating virus. Serum SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibodies titers were assessed by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and microneutralization assay. Results SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in airway samples in 23 patients (symptom duration median 15 days, range 9–53 days), whereas 13 patients were SARS-CoV-2 RNA negative (symptom duration median 21 days, range 10–37 days). Replicating virus was detected in samples from 4 patients at 9–16 days. All but two patients had detectable levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG in serum, and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies were detected in 33 out of 36 patients. Total SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG titers and neutralizing antibody titers were positively correlated. High levels of both total IgG and neutralizing antibody titers were observed in patients sampled later after symptom onset and in patients where replicating virus could not be detected. Conclusions Our data suggest that the presence of SARS-Cov-2 specific antibodies in serum may indicate a lower risk of shedding infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients. |
topic |
COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Viral shedding Culture Antibodies |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06202-8 |
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