The Role of Bilirubin and the Other “Yellow Players” in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Bilirubin is a yellow endogenous derivate of the heme catabolism. Since the 1980s, it has been recognized as one of the most potent antioxidants in nature, able to counteract 10,000× higher intracellular concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. In the recent years, not o...
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doaj-e05d22b895b24188a1c8708c73e83a382020-11-25T03:42:50ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-09-01990090010.3390/antiox9090900The Role of Bilirubin and the Other “Yellow Players” in Neurodegenerative DiseasesSri Jayanti0Libor Vítek1Claudio Tiribelli2Silvia Gazzin3Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, ItalyInstitute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, and 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12000 Prague, Czech RepublicFondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, ItalyFondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, ItalyBilirubin is a yellow endogenous derivate of the heme catabolism. Since the 1980s, it has been recognized as one of the most potent antioxidants in nature, able to counteract 10,000× higher intracellular concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. In the recent years, not only bilirubin, but also its precursor biliverdin, and the enzymes involved in their productions (namely heme oxygenase and biliverdin reductase; altogether the “yellow players”—YPs) have been recognized playing a protective role in diseases characterized by a chronic prooxidant status. Based on that, there is an ongoing effort in inducing their activity as a therapeutic option. Nevertheless, the understanding of their specific contributions to pathological conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) and their role in these diseases are limited. In this review, we will focus on the most recent evidence linking the role of the YPs specifically to neurodegenerative and neurological conditions. Both the protective, as well as potentially worsening effects of the YP’s activity will be discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/9/900bilirubinbilirubin oxidation productsbiliverdinhemeheme oxygenasebiliverdin reductase |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sri Jayanti Libor Vítek Claudio Tiribelli Silvia Gazzin |
spellingShingle |
Sri Jayanti Libor Vítek Claudio Tiribelli Silvia Gazzin The Role of Bilirubin and the Other “Yellow Players” in Neurodegenerative Diseases Antioxidants bilirubin bilirubin oxidation products biliverdin heme heme oxygenase biliverdin reductase |
author_facet |
Sri Jayanti Libor Vítek Claudio Tiribelli Silvia Gazzin |
author_sort |
Sri Jayanti |
title |
The Role of Bilirubin and the Other “Yellow Players” in Neurodegenerative Diseases |
title_short |
The Role of Bilirubin and the Other “Yellow Players” in Neurodegenerative Diseases |
title_full |
The Role of Bilirubin and the Other “Yellow Players” in Neurodegenerative Diseases |
title_fullStr |
The Role of Bilirubin and the Other “Yellow Players” in Neurodegenerative Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Role of Bilirubin and the Other “Yellow Players” in Neurodegenerative Diseases |
title_sort |
role of bilirubin and the other “yellow players” in neurodegenerative diseases |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Antioxidants |
issn |
2076-3921 |
publishDate |
2020-09-01 |
description |
Bilirubin is a yellow endogenous derivate of the heme catabolism. Since the 1980s, it has been recognized as one of the most potent antioxidants in nature, able to counteract 10,000× higher intracellular concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. In the recent years, not only bilirubin, but also its precursor biliverdin, and the enzymes involved in their productions (namely heme oxygenase and biliverdin reductase; altogether the “yellow players”—YPs) have been recognized playing a protective role in diseases characterized by a chronic prooxidant status. Based on that, there is an ongoing effort in inducing their activity as a therapeutic option. Nevertheless, the understanding of their specific contributions to pathological conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) and their role in these diseases are limited. In this review, we will focus on the most recent evidence linking the role of the YPs specifically to neurodegenerative and neurological conditions. Both the protective, as well as potentially worsening effects of the YP’s activity will be discussed. |
topic |
bilirubin bilirubin oxidation products biliverdin heme heme oxygenase biliverdin reductase |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/9/900 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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