Method of Synthesizing Orthogonal Beam-Forming Networks Using <italic>QR</italic> Decomposition
A synthesis method for orthogonal beam-forming networks (BFNs) with arbitrary N inputs and N outputs is presented. Compared to those formerly developed, the new method allows the design of a BFN in order to not only generate arbitrary N orthogonal beams and N inputs but also to make the 180�...
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doaj-e0c9fe63516349729679a0a36d1471c02021-03-29T22:06:02ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362019-01-01732533110.1109/ACCESS.2018.28853588565856Method of Synthesizing Orthogonal Beam-Forming Networks Using <italic>QR</italic> DecompositionLi Sun0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-0930Guanxi Zhang1Baohua Sun2Information Engineering College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, ChinaSystem Technology Research Department, WN [Carrier Network BG], Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Shanghai, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, ChinaA synthesis method for orthogonal beam-forming networks (BFNs) with arbitrary N inputs and N outputs is presented. Compared to those formerly developed, the new method allows the design of a BFN in order to not only generate arbitrary N orthogonal beams and N inputs but also to make the 180° hybrids less. This skill is obtained by means of a new approach to decompose the matrices <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> which are mentioned by Sodin. The solution of such a design problem can be carried out by applying <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$QR$ </tex-math></inline-formula> decomposition based on Givens transformations. Such a design method also takes into account the computer programming realization. Numerical results are obtained through the commercial simulator to prove the correctness of the method. The ease, accuracy, and efficiency of this synthesis method for the design of BFN make it very useful in modern applications of multi-beam antenna arrays.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8565856/Orthogonal beam-forming networkbutler matrixarbitrary N beams<italic xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">QR</italic> decompositionGivens transformations |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Li Sun Guanxi Zhang Baohua Sun |
spellingShingle |
Li Sun Guanxi Zhang Baohua Sun Method of Synthesizing Orthogonal Beam-Forming Networks Using <italic>QR</italic> Decomposition IEEE Access Orthogonal beam-forming network butler matrix arbitrary N beams <italic xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">QR</italic> decomposition Givens transformations |
author_facet |
Li Sun Guanxi Zhang Baohua Sun |
author_sort |
Li Sun |
title |
Method of Synthesizing Orthogonal Beam-Forming Networks Using <italic>QR</italic> Decomposition |
title_short |
Method of Synthesizing Orthogonal Beam-Forming Networks Using <italic>QR</italic> Decomposition |
title_full |
Method of Synthesizing Orthogonal Beam-Forming Networks Using <italic>QR</italic> Decomposition |
title_fullStr |
Method of Synthesizing Orthogonal Beam-Forming Networks Using <italic>QR</italic> Decomposition |
title_full_unstemmed |
Method of Synthesizing Orthogonal Beam-Forming Networks Using <italic>QR</italic> Decomposition |
title_sort |
method of synthesizing orthogonal beam-forming networks using <italic>qr</italic> decomposition |
publisher |
IEEE |
series |
IEEE Access |
issn |
2169-3536 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
A synthesis method for orthogonal beam-forming networks (BFNs) with arbitrary N inputs and N outputs is presented. Compared to those formerly developed, the new method allows the design of a BFN in order to not only generate arbitrary N orthogonal beams and N inputs but also to make the 180° hybrids less. This skill is obtained by means of a new approach to decompose the matrices <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> which are mentioned by Sodin. The solution of such a design problem can be carried out by applying <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$QR$ </tex-math></inline-formula> decomposition based on Givens transformations. Such a design method also takes into account the computer programming realization. Numerical results are obtained through the commercial simulator to prove the correctness of the method. The ease, accuracy, and efficiency of this synthesis method for the design of BFN make it very useful in modern applications of multi-beam antenna arrays. |
topic |
Orthogonal beam-forming network butler matrix arbitrary N beams <italic xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">QR</italic> decomposition Givens transformations |
url |
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8565856/ |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT lisun methodofsynthesizingorthogonalbeamformingnetworksusingitalicqritalicdecomposition AT guanxizhang methodofsynthesizingorthogonalbeamformingnetworksusingitalicqritalicdecomposition AT baohuasun methodofsynthesizingorthogonalbeamformingnetworksusingitalicqritalicdecomposition |
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