Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets
This study investigated the effects of xylanase supplementations with cereal-based diets on nutrient digestibility and gut microbiota of growing pigs. A total of 96 individually penned pigs (initial BW = 22.7 ± 0.65 kg) were allotted to 12 treatments and subjected to a completely randomized block de...
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2018-12-01
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doaj-e1115b2fdeb3447986200088d54397652021-02-02T05:50:06ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Animal Nutrition2405-65452018-12-0144339350Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based dietsZhengxiao Zhang0Hein M. Tun1Ru Li2Beatriz J.M. Gonzalez3Hannah C. Keenes4Charles M. Nyachoti5Elijah Kiarie6Ehsan Khafipour7Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, CanadaDepartment of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, CanadaDepartment of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, CanadaDepartment of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, CanadaDepartment of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, CanadaDepartment of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, CanadaDepartment of Animal Bioscience, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, CanadaDepartment of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada; Corresponding author.This study investigated the effects of xylanase supplementations with cereal-based diets on nutrient digestibility and gut microbiota of growing pigs. A total of 96 individually penned pigs (initial BW = 22.7 ± 0.65 kg) were allotted to 12 treatments and subjected to a completely randomized block design experiment. Pigs in each treatment were fed an isocaloric wheat-based or corn-based diet with or without 1 of 5 types of xylanase supplements (XA, XB, XC, XD, XE). On d 42, all piglets were euthanized to obtain ileal and cecal digesta for microbial analysis, which involved high-throughput sequencing of the V1 V3 regions of 16S rRNA gene. Corn- and wheat-based diets differed (P < 0.05) in digestion characteristics. Dietary treatments affected the alpha- and beta-diversities of microbiota in the cecum but not in the ileum. The wheat-based diet increased (P < 0.05) alpha-diversity and clustered separately (P < 0.05) compared with the corn-based diet. Wheat-based diet also promoted the relative abundance of genus (g.) Succinivibrio while corn-based diet promoted the proportion of family (f.) Veillonellaceae in the community. Among xylanases, only XC within the wheat-based diet altered (P < 0.05) the beta-diversity of the cecal microbiota compared with control. For each cereal-based diet and compared with the controls, xylanase treatments affected (P < 0.05) the proportions of 5 bacterial taxa in the ileum (f. Peptostreptococcaceae, order [o.] Streptophyta, f. Clostridiaceae, g. Clostridium and g. Streptococcus) and 8 in the cecum (g. Lactobacillus, g. Streptococcus, class [c.] Clostridia, f. Clostridiaceae, g. Megasphaera, g. Prevotella, g. Roseburia and f. Ruminococcaceae). Network analysis showed that across diets under control treatments, Bacteroidetes was the most influential phylum promoting cooperative relationships among members of the ileum and cecum microbiota. Xylanase treatment, however, reduced the influence of Bacteroidetes and promoted a large number of hub taxa majority of which belonged to the Firmicutes phylum. To maximize the efficiency of xylanase supplementation, our data suggest that xylanase C originated from Bacillus subtilis was more effective when applied to wheat-based diets, while xylanase A originated from Fusarium verticillioides was more beneficial when applied to corn-based diets. Keywords: Piglets, Microbiota, Xylanase, Arabinoxylans, Digestibilityhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405654518300374 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Zhengxiao Zhang Hein M. Tun Ru Li Beatriz J.M. Gonzalez Hannah C. Keenes Charles M. Nyachoti Elijah Kiarie Ehsan Khafipour |
spellingShingle |
Zhengxiao Zhang Hein M. Tun Ru Li Beatriz J.M. Gonzalez Hannah C. Keenes Charles M. Nyachoti Elijah Kiarie Ehsan Khafipour Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets Animal Nutrition |
author_facet |
Zhengxiao Zhang Hein M. Tun Ru Li Beatriz J.M. Gonzalez Hannah C. Keenes Charles M. Nyachoti Elijah Kiarie Ehsan Khafipour |
author_sort |
Zhengxiao Zhang |
title |
Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets |
title_short |
Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets |
title_full |
Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets |
title_fullStr |
Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets |
title_sort |
impact of xylanases on gut microbiota of growing pigs fed corn- or wheat-based diets |
publisher |
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
series |
Animal Nutrition |
issn |
2405-6545 |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
This study investigated the effects of xylanase supplementations with cereal-based diets on nutrient digestibility and gut microbiota of growing pigs. A total of 96 individually penned pigs (initial BW = 22.7 ± 0.65 kg) were allotted to 12 treatments and subjected to a completely randomized block design experiment. Pigs in each treatment were fed an isocaloric wheat-based or corn-based diet with or without 1 of 5 types of xylanase supplements (XA, XB, XC, XD, XE). On d 42, all piglets were euthanized to obtain ileal and cecal digesta for microbial analysis, which involved high-throughput sequencing of the V1 V3 regions of 16S rRNA gene. Corn- and wheat-based diets differed (P < 0.05) in digestion characteristics. Dietary treatments affected the alpha- and beta-diversities of microbiota in the cecum but not in the ileum. The wheat-based diet increased (P < 0.05) alpha-diversity and clustered separately (P < 0.05) compared with the corn-based diet. Wheat-based diet also promoted the relative abundance of genus (g.) Succinivibrio while corn-based diet promoted the proportion of family (f.) Veillonellaceae in the community. Among xylanases, only XC within the wheat-based diet altered (P < 0.05) the beta-diversity of the cecal microbiota compared with control. For each cereal-based diet and compared with the controls, xylanase treatments affected (P < 0.05) the proportions of 5 bacterial taxa in the ileum (f. Peptostreptococcaceae, order [o.] Streptophyta, f. Clostridiaceae, g. Clostridium and g. Streptococcus) and 8 in the cecum (g. Lactobacillus, g. Streptococcus, class [c.] Clostridia, f. Clostridiaceae, g. Megasphaera, g. Prevotella, g. Roseburia and f. Ruminococcaceae). Network analysis showed that across diets under control treatments, Bacteroidetes was the most influential phylum promoting cooperative relationships among members of the ileum and cecum microbiota. Xylanase treatment, however, reduced the influence of Bacteroidetes and promoted a large number of hub taxa majority of which belonged to the Firmicutes phylum. To maximize the efficiency of xylanase supplementation, our data suggest that xylanase C originated from Bacillus subtilis was more effective when applied to wheat-based diets, while xylanase A originated from Fusarium verticillioides was more beneficial when applied to corn-based diets. Keywords: Piglets, Microbiota, Xylanase, Arabinoxylans, Digestibility |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405654518300374 |
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