External forcing of the early 20th century Arctic warming
The observed Arctic warming during the early 20th century was comparable to present-day warming in terms of magnitude. The causes and mechanisms for the early 20th century Arctic warming are less clear and need to be better understood when considering projections of future climate change in the Arct...
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2013-12-01
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doaj-e162ab66db92437997e389fdae82c4482020-11-24T21:55:28ZengTaylor & Francis GroupTellus: Series A, Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography0280-64951600-08702013-12-0165011410.3402/tellusa.v65i0.2057820578External forcing of the early 20th century Arctic warmingLingling Suo0Odd Helge Otterå1Mats Bentsen2Yongqi Gao3Ola M. Johannessen4Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Thormøhlensgt. 47, 5006 Bergen, NorwayUni Climate, Allégaten 55, 5007 Bergen, NorwayUni Climate, Allégaten 55, 5007 Bergen, NorwayNansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Thormøhlensgt. 47, 5006 Bergen, NorwayNansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Thormøhlensgt. 47, 5006 Bergen, NorwayThe observed Arctic warming during the early 20th century was comparable to present-day warming in terms of magnitude. The causes and mechanisms for the early 20th century Arctic warming are less clear and need to be better understood when considering projections of future climate change in the Arctic. The simulations using the Bergen Climate Model (BCM) can reproduce the surface air temperature (SAT) fluctuations in the Arctic during the 20th century reasonably well. The results presented here, based on the model simulations and observations, indicate that intensified solar radiation and a lull in volcanic activity during the 1920s–1950s can explain much of the early 20th century Arctic warming. The anthropogenic forcing could play a role in getting the timing of the peak warming correct. According to the model the local solar irradiation changes play a crucial role in driving the Arctic early 20th century warming. The SAT co-varied closely with local solar irradiation changes when natural external forcings are included in the model either alone or in combination with anthropogenic external forcings. The increased Barents Sea warm inflow and the anomalous atmosphere circulation patterns in the northern Europe and north Atlantic can also contribute to the warming. In summary, the early 20th century warming was largely externally forced.www.tellusa.net/index.php/tellusa/article/download/20578/pdf_1Arctic warmingsea icevolcanic climate forcingsolar irradiationclimate changemultidecadal variability |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lingling Suo Odd Helge Otterå Mats Bentsen Yongqi Gao Ola M. Johannessen |
spellingShingle |
Lingling Suo Odd Helge Otterå Mats Bentsen Yongqi Gao Ola M. Johannessen External forcing of the early 20th century Arctic warming Tellus: Series A, Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography Arctic warming sea ice volcanic climate forcing solar irradiation climate change multidecadal variability |
author_facet |
Lingling Suo Odd Helge Otterå Mats Bentsen Yongqi Gao Ola M. Johannessen |
author_sort |
Lingling Suo |
title |
External forcing of the early 20th century Arctic warming |
title_short |
External forcing of the early 20th century Arctic warming |
title_full |
External forcing of the early 20th century Arctic warming |
title_fullStr |
External forcing of the early 20th century Arctic warming |
title_full_unstemmed |
External forcing of the early 20th century Arctic warming |
title_sort |
external forcing of the early 20th century arctic warming |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
series |
Tellus: Series A, Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography |
issn |
0280-6495 1600-0870 |
publishDate |
2013-12-01 |
description |
The observed Arctic warming during the early 20th century was comparable to present-day warming in terms of magnitude. The causes and mechanisms for the early 20th century Arctic warming are less clear and need to be better understood when considering projections of future climate change in the Arctic. The simulations using the Bergen Climate Model (BCM) can reproduce the surface air temperature (SAT) fluctuations in the Arctic during the 20th century reasonably well. The results presented here, based on the model simulations and observations, indicate that intensified solar radiation and a lull in volcanic activity during the 1920s–1950s can explain much of the early 20th century Arctic warming. The anthropogenic forcing could play a role in getting the timing of the peak warming correct. According to the model the local solar irradiation changes play a crucial role in driving the Arctic early 20th century warming. The SAT co-varied closely with local solar irradiation changes when natural external forcings are included in the model either alone or in combination with anthropogenic external forcings. The increased Barents Sea warm inflow and the anomalous atmosphere circulation patterns in the northern Europe and north Atlantic can also contribute to the warming. In summary, the early 20th century warming was largely externally forced. |
topic |
Arctic warming sea ice volcanic climate forcing solar irradiation climate change multidecadal variability |
url |
http://www.tellusa.net/index.php/tellusa/article/download/20578/pdf_1 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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