Monitoring of UN sustainable development goal SDG-9.1.1: study of Algerian “Belt and Road” expressways constructed by China
The proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road is an indicator of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 9.1.1. This paper aims to calculate SDG indicator 9.1.1 in the proximity of five Algerian expressways. Three monitoring methods are proposed f...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
PeerJ Inc.
2020-06-01
|
Series: | PeerJ |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/8953.pdf |
id |
doaj-e1e171f9e76341a18eb08c011c4bd775 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-e1e171f9e76341a18eb08c011c4bd7752020-11-25T03:02:13ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592020-06-018e895310.7717/peerj.8953Monitoring of UN sustainable development goal SDG-9.1.1: study of Algerian “Belt and Road” expressways constructed by ChinaZhanhai Jia0Mingquan Wu1Zheng Niu2Bin Tang3Yuxuan Mu4College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Si chuan Province, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Si chuan Province, ChinaCollege of Tourism and Urban-Rural Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Si chuan Province, ChinaThe proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road is an indicator of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 9.1.1. This paper aims to calculate SDG indicator 9.1.1 in the proximity of five Algerian expressways. Three monitoring methods are proposed for different spatial regions based on the five expressways built by China’s Belt and Road Initiative Project. These methods are based on remote sensing and WorldPop and The High Resolution Settlement Layer (HRSL) population data. The results indicate that (1) the WorldPop population statistics show that the five expressways built by China’s Belt Project have increased the rural population of the 2 km buffer zone by 192,016 between the start of construction and eight years after its completion. By the end of 2019, the population increased by 329,291 accounting for 1.17% of the rural population. (2) Based on populations estimated form built-up index (NDBI) building areas, the rural populations within the 2 km buffer area of the Bejaia-Haniff Expressway in 2011, 2015, and 2019 were 273,118, 306,430, and 375,408, respectively. (3) HRSL population grid statistics indicate that, in 2015, the populations were: East-West Expressway = 911,549, Bejaia Expressway = 127,471, Tipaza Expressway = 71,411, North-South Expressway = 30,583, and Cherchell Ring Expressway = 41,657. (4) A visual interpretation method based on Google Earth imagery was used to count the number of buildings and number of building floors in the town of Tikhramtath. Based on the estimated population of each building and floor, the population of Tikhramtath town in 2011, 2015, 2017, and 2019 was estimated as 1,790, 2,785, 3,365, and 3,870, respectively. (5) Through analysis and accuracy assessment, the appropriate statistical methods for different regions were determined.https://peerj.com/articles/8953.pdfSDGVisual interpretationNDBIEstimation method |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Zhanhai Jia Mingquan Wu Zheng Niu Bin Tang Yuxuan Mu |
spellingShingle |
Zhanhai Jia Mingquan Wu Zheng Niu Bin Tang Yuxuan Mu Monitoring of UN sustainable development goal SDG-9.1.1: study of Algerian “Belt and Road” expressways constructed by China PeerJ SDG Visual interpretation NDBI Estimation method |
author_facet |
Zhanhai Jia Mingquan Wu Zheng Niu Bin Tang Yuxuan Mu |
author_sort |
Zhanhai Jia |
title |
Monitoring of UN sustainable development goal SDG-9.1.1: study of Algerian “Belt and Road” expressways constructed by China |
title_short |
Monitoring of UN sustainable development goal SDG-9.1.1: study of Algerian “Belt and Road” expressways constructed by China |
title_full |
Monitoring of UN sustainable development goal SDG-9.1.1: study of Algerian “Belt and Road” expressways constructed by China |
title_fullStr |
Monitoring of UN sustainable development goal SDG-9.1.1: study of Algerian “Belt and Road” expressways constructed by China |
title_full_unstemmed |
Monitoring of UN sustainable development goal SDG-9.1.1: study of Algerian “Belt and Road” expressways constructed by China |
title_sort |
monitoring of un sustainable development goal sdg-9.1.1: study of algerian “belt and road” expressways constructed by china |
publisher |
PeerJ Inc. |
series |
PeerJ |
issn |
2167-8359 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
The proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road is an indicator of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 9.1.1. This paper aims to calculate SDG indicator 9.1.1 in the proximity of five Algerian expressways. Three monitoring methods are proposed for different spatial regions based on the five expressways built by China’s Belt and Road Initiative Project. These methods are based on remote sensing and WorldPop and The High Resolution Settlement Layer (HRSL) population data. The results indicate that (1) the WorldPop population statistics show that the five expressways built by China’s Belt Project have increased the rural population of the 2 km buffer zone by 192,016 between the start of construction and eight years after its completion. By the end of 2019, the population increased by 329,291 accounting for 1.17% of the rural population. (2) Based on populations estimated form built-up index (NDBI) building areas, the rural populations within the 2 km buffer area of the Bejaia-Haniff Expressway in 2011, 2015, and 2019 were 273,118, 306,430, and 375,408, respectively. (3) HRSL population grid statistics indicate that, in 2015, the populations were: East-West Expressway = 911,549, Bejaia Expressway = 127,471, Tipaza Expressway = 71,411, North-South Expressway = 30,583, and Cherchell Ring Expressway = 41,657. (4) A visual interpretation method based on Google Earth imagery was used to count the number of buildings and number of building floors in the town of Tikhramtath. Based on the estimated population of each building and floor, the population of Tikhramtath town in 2011, 2015, 2017, and 2019 was estimated as 1,790, 2,785, 3,365, and 3,870, respectively. (5) Through analysis and accuracy assessment, the appropriate statistical methods for different regions were determined. |
topic |
SDG Visual interpretation NDBI Estimation method |
url |
https://peerj.com/articles/8953.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT zhanhaijia monitoringofunsustainabledevelopmentgoalsdg911studyofalgerianbeltandroadexpresswaysconstructedbychina AT mingquanwu monitoringofunsustainabledevelopmentgoalsdg911studyofalgerianbeltandroadexpresswaysconstructedbychina AT zhengniu monitoringofunsustainabledevelopmentgoalsdg911studyofalgerianbeltandroadexpresswaysconstructedbychina AT bintang monitoringofunsustainabledevelopmentgoalsdg911studyofalgerianbeltandroadexpresswaysconstructedbychina AT yuxuanmu monitoringofunsustainabledevelopmentgoalsdg911studyofalgerianbeltandroadexpresswaysconstructedbychina |
_version_ |
1724690775670784000 |