Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Learning and Memory
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a highly conserved neuropeptide that regulates neuronal physiology and transcription through Gs/Gq-coupled receptors. Its actions within hypothalamic, limbic, and mnemonic systems underlie its roles in stress regulation, affective process...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-06-01
|
Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2021.663418/full |
id |
doaj-e1e40e7c2bec4a6a82825633d305766b |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-e1e40e7c2bec4a6a82825633d305766b2021-06-22T06:23:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022021-06-011510.3389/fncel.2021.663418663418Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Learning and MemoryMarieke R. Gilmartin0Nicole C. Ferrara1Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United StatesRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United StatesPituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a highly conserved neuropeptide that regulates neuronal physiology and transcription through Gs/Gq-coupled receptors. Its actions within hypothalamic, limbic, and mnemonic systems underlie its roles in stress regulation, affective processing, neuroprotection, and cognition. Recently, elevated PACAP levels and genetic disruption of PAC1 receptor signaling in humans has been linked to maladaptive threat learning and pathological stress and fear in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PACAP is positioned to integrate stress and memory in PTSD for which memory of the traumatic experience is central to the disorder. However, PACAP’s role in memory has received comparatively less attention than its role in stress. In this review, we consider the evidence for PACAP-PAC1 receptor signaling in learning and plasticity, discuss emerging data on sex differences in PACAP signaling, and raise key questions for further study toward elucidating the contribution of PACAP to adaptive and maladaptive fear learning.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2021.663418/fullPACAPlearningworking memoryfearanxietycognition |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marieke R. Gilmartin Nicole C. Ferrara |
spellingShingle |
Marieke R. Gilmartin Nicole C. Ferrara Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Learning and Memory Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience PACAP learning working memory fear anxiety cognition |
author_facet |
Marieke R. Gilmartin Nicole C. Ferrara |
author_sort |
Marieke R. Gilmartin |
title |
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Learning and Memory |
title_short |
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Learning and Memory |
title_full |
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Learning and Memory |
title_fullStr |
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Learning and Memory |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in Learning and Memory |
title_sort |
pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in learning and memory |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-5102 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a highly conserved neuropeptide that regulates neuronal physiology and transcription through Gs/Gq-coupled receptors. Its actions within hypothalamic, limbic, and mnemonic systems underlie its roles in stress regulation, affective processing, neuroprotection, and cognition. Recently, elevated PACAP levels and genetic disruption of PAC1 receptor signaling in humans has been linked to maladaptive threat learning and pathological stress and fear in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PACAP is positioned to integrate stress and memory in PTSD for which memory of the traumatic experience is central to the disorder. However, PACAP’s role in memory has received comparatively less attention than its role in stress. In this review, we consider the evidence for PACAP-PAC1 receptor signaling in learning and plasticity, discuss emerging data on sex differences in PACAP signaling, and raise key questions for further study toward elucidating the contribution of PACAP to adaptive and maladaptive fear learning. |
topic |
PACAP learning working memory fear anxiety cognition |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2021.663418/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mariekergilmartin pituitaryadenylatecyclaseactivatingpolypeptideinlearningandmemory AT nicolecferrara pituitaryadenylatecyclaseactivatingpolypeptideinlearningandmemory |
_version_ |
1721363754603511808 |