Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban Areas
The dispersion of particulate matter emitted by road transport to the vicinity of roads is predominantly influenced by the character of the air velocity field. The air flow depends on factors such as the speed and direction of the blowing wind, the movement of cars, and the geometries of the buildin...
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doaj-e25d229c3f1b487389dab7e9686114ba2020-11-25T02:59:12ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-04-011145445410.3390/atmos11050454Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban AreasJiri Pospisil0Jiri Huzlik1Roman Licbinsky2Michal Spilacek3Energy Institute, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 61669 Brno, Czech RepublicTransport and Environment Department, Division of Sustainable Transport and Road Structures Diagnostics, Transport Research Centre, 63600 Brno, Czech RepublicTransport and Environment Department, Division of Sustainable Transport and Road Structures Diagnostics, Transport Research Centre, 63600 Brno, Czech RepublicEnergy Institute, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 61669 Brno, Czech RepublicThe dispersion of particulate matter emitted by road transport to the vicinity of roads is predominantly influenced by the character of the air velocity field. The air flow depends on factors such as the speed and direction of the blowing wind, the movement of cars, and the geometries of the buildings around a road. Numerical modeling based on the control volume method was used in this study to describe the relevant processes closely. Detailed air velocity fields were identified in the vicinity of a straight road surrounded by various patterns of built-up urban land. The evaluation of the results was generalized to exponential expressions, affecting the decrease of the mass concentration of fine particles with the increasing distance from the road. The obtained characteristics of the mass concentration fields express the impact of the building geometries and configurations on the dispersion of particulate matter into the environment. These characteristics are presented for two wind speeds, namely, 2 m·s<sup>−1</sup> and 4 m·s<sup>−1</sup>. Furthermore, the characteristics are introduced in relation to three wind directions: perpendicularly, obliquely, and in parallel to the road. The results of the numerical simulations are compared with those obtained via the in-situ measurements, for verification of the validity of the linear emission source calculation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/454particlestrafficdispersionPM10pollution |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jiri Pospisil Jiri Huzlik Roman Licbinsky Michal Spilacek |
spellingShingle |
Jiri Pospisil Jiri Huzlik Roman Licbinsky Michal Spilacek Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban Areas Atmosphere particles traffic dispersion PM10 pollution |
author_facet |
Jiri Pospisil Jiri Huzlik Roman Licbinsky Michal Spilacek |
author_sort |
Jiri Pospisil |
title |
Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban Areas |
title_short |
Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban Areas |
title_full |
Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban Areas |
title_fullStr |
Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban Areas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dispersion Characteristics of PM10 Particles Identified by Numerical Simulation in the Vicinity of Roads Passing through Various Types of Urban Areas |
title_sort |
dispersion characteristics of pm10 particles identified by numerical simulation in the vicinity of roads passing through various types of urban areas |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Atmosphere |
issn |
2073-4433 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
The dispersion of particulate matter emitted by road transport to the vicinity of roads is predominantly influenced by the character of the air velocity field. The air flow depends on factors such as the speed and direction of the blowing wind, the movement of cars, and the geometries of the buildings around a road. Numerical modeling based on the control volume method was used in this study to describe the relevant processes closely. Detailed air velocity fields were identified in the vicinity of a straight road surrounded by various patterns of built-up urban land. The evaluation of the results was generalized to exponential expressions, affecting the decrease of the mass concentration of fine particles with the increasing distance from the road. The obtained characteristics of the mass concentration fields express the impact of the building geometries and configurations on the dispersion of particulate matter into the environment. These characteristics are presented for two wind speeds, namely, 2 m·s<sup>−1</sup> and 4 m·s<sup>−1</sup>. Furthermore, the characteristics are introduced in relation to three wind directions: perpendicularly, obliquely, and in parallel to the road. The results of the numerical simulations are compared with those obtained via the in-situ measurements, for verification of the validity of the linear emission source calculation. |
topic |
particles traffic dispersion PM10 pollution |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/454 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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