Xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through TLR4/NF-κB pathway
Background/Aims: Xuezhikang (XZK), a red yeast rice extract with lipid-lowering effect, contains a family of naturally statins, such as lovastatin. In recent years, its effect beyond the regulation of lipids has also been received increasing attention. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to exp...
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Elsevier
2019-06-01
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Series: | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
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Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S075333221838483X |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Licai Liang Weijing Shao Tingting Shu Yuhan Zhang Shuang Xu Lang Guo Yuran Zhou He Huang Peng Sun |
spellingShingle |
Licai Liang Weijing Shao Tingting Shu Yuhan Zhang Shuang Xu Lang Guo Yuran Zhou He Huang Peng Sun Xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through TLR4/NF-κB pathway Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy Cardiac arrest Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Inflammation Xuezhikang TLR4 NF-κB |
author_facet |
Licai Liang Weijing Shao Tingting Shu Yuhan Zhang Shuang Xu Lang Guo Yuran Zhou He Huang Peng Sun |
author_sort |
Licai Liang |
title |
Xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through TLR4/NF-κB pathway |
title_short |
Xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through TLR4/NF-κB pathway |
title_full |
Xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through TLR4/NF-κB pathway |
title_fullStr |
Xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through TLR4/NF-κB pathway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through TLR4/NF-κB pathway |
title_sort |
xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through tlr4/nf-κb pathway |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
issn |
0753-3322 |
publishDate |
2019-06-01 |
description |
Background/Aims: Xuezhikang (XZK), a red yeast rice extract with lipid-lowering effect, contains a family of naturally statins, such as lovastatin. In recent years, its effect beyond the regulation of lipids has also been received increasing attention. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the protective effects and possible molecular mechanisms of XZK on brain injury after cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and to investigate whether it has a dose-dependent effect and the difference with lovastatin. Methods: Rats were treated with low-dose XZK (XZK-L, 20 mg/kg/d), high-dose XZK (XZK-H, 200 mg/kg/d) and lovastatin by gavage once daily for 2 weeks before CA. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were evaluated at 1, 4, and 72 h post-CA/CPR. The survival rate, neurological deficit score (NDS), and expression of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB and TNF-α in hippocampal tissues were evaluated at 72 h post-CA/CPR. Results: CA/CPR induced a significant increase in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, as well as increased expressions of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB and TNF-α in the hippocampus. Both low-dose and high-dose XZK treatment inhibited the expression of these inflammatory cytokines. In addition, it reduced the number of defibrillations and shortened the duration of CPR required for return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). XZK treatment also improved neurological function and 72-hour survival rate in rats. However, high-dose XZK was superior to lovastatin in the suppression of IL-1β mRNA level and TNF-α protein level in hippocampal tissue after CPR. There were no significant differences observed among high-dose XZK, low-dose XZK and lovastatin groups in other respects. Conclusion: These results indicated that XZK had a protective effect against brain injury post-CA/CPR. The mechanisms underlying the protective effects of XZK may be related to the suppressing of CA/CPR-induced inflammatory response through the inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. |
topic |
Cardiac arrest Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Inflammation Xuezhikang TLR4 NF-κB |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S075333221838483X |
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doaj-e273527b557d41eea467816e5e37c9932021-05-21T04:17:05ZengElsevierBiomedicine & Pharmacotherapy0753-33222019-06-01114Xuezhikang improves the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats by suppressing the inflammation response through TLR4/NF-κB pathwayLicai Liang0Weijing Shao1Tingting Shu2Yuhan Zhang3Shuang Xu4Lang Guo5Yuran Zhou6He Huang7Peng Sun8Department of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430022, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital Of Hubei University of Arts and Science, XiangYang, Hubei 441021, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Deparment of Emergency Medicine, Hankou Branch of Central Theater General Hospital, Wuhan 430019, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Corresponding author.Background/Aims: Xuezhikang (XZK), a red yeast rice extract with lipid-lowering effect, contains a family of naturally statins, such as lovastatin. In recent years, its effect beyond the regulation of lipids has also been received increasing attention. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the protective effects and possible molecular mechanisms of XZK on brain injury after cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and to investigate whether it has a dose-dependent effect and the difference with lovastatin. Methods: Rats were treated with low-dose XZK (XZK-L, 20 mg/kg/d), high-dose XZK (XZK-H, 200 mg/kg/d) and lovastatin by gavage once daily for 2 weeks before CA. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were evaluated at 1, 4, and 72 h post-CA/CPR. The survival rate, neurological deficit score (NDS), and expression of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB and TNF-α in hippocampal tissues were evaluated at 72 h post-CA/CPR. Results: CA/CPR induced a significant increase in serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, as well as increased expressions of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB and TNF-α in the hippocampus. Both low-dose and high-dose XZK treatment inhibited the expression of these inflammatory cytokines. In addition, it reduced the number of defibrillations and shortened the duration of CPR required for return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). XZK treatment also improved neurological function and 72-hour survival rate in rats. However, high-dose XZK was superior to lovastatin in the suppression of IL-1β mRNA level and TNF-α protein level in hippocampal tissue after CPR. There were no significant differences observed among high-dose XZK, low-dose XZK and lovastatin groups in other respects. Conclusion: These results indicated that XZK had a protective effect against brain injury post-CA/CPR. The mechanisms underlying the protective effects of XZK may be related to the suppressing of CA/CPR-induced inflammatory response through the inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S075333221838483XCardiac arrestCardiopulmonary resuscitationInflammationXuezhikangTLR4NF-κB |