Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions
Permeable pavement provides sustainable solutions for urban stormwater management. In this research, the potential of rice bran mixed porous clay bricks were evaluated for permeable pavements. Physical, mechanical and hydrological properties along with stormwater treatment capabilities of the brick...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-01-01
|
Series: | Sustainability |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/3/1443 |
id |
doaj-e2ebe461cd6a4e73bc92488fb438aee2 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-e2ebe461cd6a4e73bc92488fb438aee22021-01-30T00:06:24ZengMDPI AGSustainability2071-10502021-01-01131443144310.3390/su13031443Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid RegionsFawaz Alharbi0Meshal Almoshaogeh1Md. Shafiquzzaman2Husnain Haider3Md. Rafiquzzaman4Ahmed Alragi5Sherif ElKholy6ELSaid Abdallah Bayoumi7Yassine EL-Ghoul8Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Management, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna 9203, BangladeshDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi ArabiaPermeable pavement provides sustainable solutions for urban stormwater management. In this research, the potential of rice bran mixed porous clay bricks were evaluated for permeable pavements. Physical, mechanical and hydrological properties along with stormwater treatment capabilities of the brick samples were assessed. The study found that ratio of rice bran and clay soil has significant impacts on the properties of the produced bricks. Water adsorption and porosity increased with increasing rice bran ratio. Compressive strength of brick samples decreased from 29.6 MPa to 6.9 MPa when the ratio of rice bran was increased from 0% to 20%. The permeability coefficient increased from 4 × 10<sup>−4</sup> to 1.39 × 10<sup>−2</sup> mm/s with the increase in rice bran from 0% to 30%. The preamble clay bricks were efficient to remove turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), five days’ biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and heavy metals (Mn, Cu, and Zn) from stormwater to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for wastewater reuse application. The bricks with ≤10% of rice bran achieved the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard of the desire compressive strength and permeability coefficient for pedestrian and light traffic pavements. The porous bricks prepared in this study can be used to construct permeable pavements and would be a sustainable low impact developments technique for stormwater management in urban areas.https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/3/1443permeable clay brickspermeable pavementrice branclay soilcompressive strengthcoefficient of permeability |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Fawaz Alharbi Meshal Almoshaogeh Md. Shafiquzzaman Husnain Haider Md. Rafiquzzaman Ahmed Alragi Sherif ElKholy ELSaid Abdallah Bayoumi Yassine EL-Ghoul |
spellingShingle |
Fawaz Alharbi Meshal Almoshaogeh Md. Shafiquzzaman Husnain Haider Md. Rafiquzzaman Ahmed Alragi Sherif ElKholy ELSaid Abdallah Bayoumi Yassine EL-Ghoul Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions Sustainability permeable clay bricks permeable pavement rice bran clay soil compressive strength coefficient of permeability |
author_facet |
Fawaz Alharbi Meshal Almoshaogeh Md. Shafiquzzaman Husnain Haider Md. Rafiquzzaman Ahmed Alragi Sherif ElKholy ELSaid Abdallah Bayoumi Yassine EL-Ghoul |
author_sort |
Fawaz Alharbi |
title |
Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions |
title_short |
Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions |
title_full |
Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions |
title_fullStr |
Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of Rice Bran Mixed Porous Clay Bricks for Permeable Pavements: A Sustainable LID Technique for Arid Regions |
title_sort |
development of rice bran mixed porous clay bricks for permeable pavements: a sustainable lid technique for arid regions |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sustainability |
issn |
2071-1050 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Permeable pavement provides sustainable solutions for urban stormwater management. In this research, the potential of rice bran mixed porous clay bricks were evaluated for permeable pavements. Physical, mechanical and hydrological properties along with stormwater treatment capabilities of the brick samples were assessed. The study found that ratio of rice bran and clay soil has significant impacts on the properties of the produced bricks. Water adsorption and porosity increased with increasing rice bran ratio. Compressive strength of brick samples decreased from 29.6 MPa to 6.9 MPa when the ratio of rice bran was increased from 0% to 20%. The permeability coefficient increased from 4 × 10<sup>−4</sup> to 1.39 × 10<sup>−2</sup> mm/s with the increase in rice bran from 0% to 30%. The preamble clay bricks were efficient to remove turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), five days’ biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and heavy metals (Mn, Cu, and Zn) from stormwater to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for wastewater reuse application. The bricks with ≤10% of rice bran achieved the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard of the desire compressive strength and permeability coefficient for pedestrian and light traffic pavements. The porous bricks prepared in this study can be used to construct permeable pavements and would be a sustainable low impact developments technique for stormwater management in urban areas. |
topic |
permeable clay bricks permeable pavement rice bran clay soil compressive strength coefficient of permeability |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/3/1443 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT fawazalharbi developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions AT meshalalmoshaogeh developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions AT mdshafiquzzaman developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions AT husnainhaider developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions AT mdrafiquzzaman developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions AT ahmedalragi developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions AT sherifelkholy developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions AT elsaidabdallahbayoumi developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions AT yassineelghoul developmentofricebranmixedporousclaybricksforpermeablepavementsasustainablelidtechniqueforaridregions |
_version_ |
1724318442526343168 |