Development and validation of the body shape scale (BOSHAS) for assessing body shape perception in African populations
Abstract Background As a consequence of ‘Western’ acculturation, eating disorders and body image disturbances, such as fatness phobia and body dysmorphic disorders towards musculature and body shape, are emerging in Africa, with young people the most affected. It is therefore important to accurately...
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doaj-e30cc9e63398442eb66d02dcf072f4c42020-11-25T03:58:59ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582020-10-0120111210.1186/s12889-020-09654-wDevelopment and validation of the body shape scale (BOSHAS) for assessing body shape perception in African populationsEmmanuel Cohen0Amadou Ndao1Jonathan Y. Bernard2Amadoune Gueye3Priscilla Duboz4Enguerran Macia5Gilles Boëtsch6Patrick Pasquet7Michelle Holdsworth8Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge9CNRS, UMR 7206 « Eco-anthropologie », Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRS, UMR 8177, IIAC-LAIOS, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS)Inserm, UMR 1153, Centre of research Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Early Determinants of Children’s Health and Development (ORCHAD) teamCNRS, UMI 3189 « Environnement, Santé, Société », Faculté de Médecine, UCADCNRS, UMI 3189 « Environnement, Santé, Société », Faculté de Médecine, UCADCNRS, UMI 3189 « Environnement, Santé, Société », Faculté de Médecine, UCADCNRS, UMI 3189 « Environnement, Santé, Société », Faculté de Médecine, UCADCNRS, UMR 7206 « Eco-anthropologie », Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleIRD, UMR 204 « Nutripass »Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandAbstract Background As a consequence of ‘Western’ acculturation, eating disorders and body image disturbances, such as fatness phobia and body dysmorphic disorders towards musculature and body shape, are emerging in Africa, with young people the most affected. It is therefore important to accurately assess perceptions of body shape. However, the existing body image assessment scales lack sufficient accuracy and validity testing to compare body shape perception across different African populations. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Body Shape Scale (BOSHAS) to evaluate body shape perceptions related body image disorders in African populations. Methods To develop the BOSHAS, anthropometric measures of 80 Cameroonians and 81 Senegalese (both sexes included; 40.1% females overall) were taken for three body shape criteria: somatotype components, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio. Subjects were selected to cover a wide variability in body shape and were photographed in full face and profile positions. To validate the BOSHAS, the scale was administered twice (2 weeks apart) to 106 participants (aged 31.2 ± 12.6 years) to assess its reliability. In addition, a questionnaire measuring different aspects of body shape (e.g. musculature) was also administered (n = 597; aged 36.7 ± 15.6 years) to assess its convergent validity. Results The BOSHAS includes two sex-specific subscales of 10 photographs each. Most participants were able to repeat their BOSHAS preference order. Test-retest reliability was also consistent in estimating Current Body Shape (CBS), Desired Body Shape and Ideal Body Shape for participants and their partners. CBS was correlated with BMI, and different BOSHAS indices were consistent with declarations obtained by questionnaire. Conclusions The BOSHAS is the first sex-specific scale of real African models photographed in face and profile, including large body shape variability. The validation protocol showed good validity and reliability for evaluating body shape perceptions and dissatisfaction of Africans.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-020-09654-wBody image scaleBody shape perceptionValidationAfrican ancestryAfrica |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Emmanuel Cohen Amadou Ndao Jonathan Y. Bernard Amadoune Gueye Priscilla Duboz Enguerran Macia Gilles Boëtsch Patrick Pasquet Michelle Holdsworth Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge |
spellingShingle |
Emmanuel Cohen Amadou Ndao Jonathan Y. Bernard Amadoune Gueye Priscilla Duboz Enguerran Macia Gilles Boëtsch Patrick Pasquet Michelle Holdsworth Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge Development and validation of the body shape scale (BOSHAS) for assessing body shape perception in African populations BMC Public Health Body image scale Body shape perception Validation African ancestry Africa |
author_facet |
Emmanuel Cohen Amadou Ndao Jonathan Y. Bernard Amadoune Gueye Priscilla Duboz Enguerran Macia Gilles Boëtsch Patrick Pasquet Michelle Holdsworth Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge |
author_sort |
Emmanuel Cohen |
title |
Development and validation of the body shape scale (BOSHAS) for assessing body shape perception in African populations |
title_short |
Development and validation of the body shape scale (BOSHAS) for assessing body shape perception in African populations |
title_full |
Development and validation of the body shape scale (BOSHAS) for assessing body shape perception in African populations |
title_fullStr |
Development and validation of the body shape scale (BOSHAS) for assessing body shape perception in African populations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development and validation of the body shape scale (BOSHAS) for assessing body shape perception in African populations |
title_sort |
development and validation of the body shape scale (boshas) for assessing body shape perception in african populations |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Public Health |
issn |
1471-2458 |
publishDate |
2020-10-01 |
description |
Abstract Background As a consequence of ‘Western’ acculturation, eating disorders and body image disturbances, such as fatness phobia and body dysmorphic disorders towards musculature and body shape, are emerging in Africa, with young people the most affected. It is therefore important to accurately assess perceptions of body shape. However, the existing body image assessment scales lack sufficient accuracy and validity testing to compare body shape perception across different African populations. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Body Shape Scale (BOSHAS) to evaluate body shape perceptions related body image disorders in African populations. Methods To develop the BOSHAS, anthropometric measures of 80 Cameroonians and 81 Senegalese (both sexes included; 40.1% females overall) were taken for three body shape criteria: somatotype components, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio. Subjects were selected to cover a wide variability in body shape and were photographed in full face and profile positions. To validate the BOSHAS, the scale was administered twice (2 weeks apart) to 106 participants (aged 31.2 ± 12.6 years) to assess its reliability. In addition, a questionnaire measuring different aspects of body shape (e.g. musculature) was also administered (n = 597; aged 36.7 ± 15.6 years) to assess its convergent validity. Results The BOSHAS includes two sex-specific subscales of 10 photographs each. Most participants were able to repeat their BOSHAS preference order. Test-retest reliability was also consistent in estimating Current Body Shape (CBS), Desired Body Shape and Ideal Body Shape for participants and their partners. CBS was correlated with BMI, and different BOSHAS indices were consistent with declarations obtained by questionnaire. Conclusions The BOSHAS is the first sex-specific scale of real African models photographed in face and profile, including large body shape variability. The validation protocol showed good validity and reliability for evaluating body shape perceptions and dissatisfaction of Africans. |
topic |
Body image scale Body shape perception Validation African ancestry Africa |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-020-09654-w |
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