n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit
This review compares the effects of different n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sources on biological activity, physiological/reproductive endpoints, and health implications with a special emphasis on a rabbit case study. Linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are members of two...
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doaj-e334cd04f8b9467587a2d8746ab0871e2020-11-25T00:39:42ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152019-10-0191080610.3390/ani9100806ani9100806n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on RabbitMaría Rodríguez0Pilar G. Rebollar1Simona Mattioli2Cesare Castellini3Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, ItalyThis review compares the effects of different n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sources on biological activity, physiological/reproductive endpoints, and health implications with a special emphasis on a rabbit case study. Linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are members of two classes of PUFAs, namely the n-6 and n-3 series, which are required for normal human health. Both are considered precursors of a cascade of molecules (eicosanoids), which take part in many biological processes (inflammation, vasoconstriction/vasodilation, thromboregulation, etc.). However, their biological functions are opposite and are mainly related to the form (precursor or long-chain products) in which they were administered and to the enzyme−substrate preference. ALA is widely present in common vegetable oils and foods, marine algae, and natural herbs, whereas its long-chain PUFA derivatives are available mainly in fish and animal product origins. Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of n-3 PUFAs seems mostly to be tissue-dependent and acts in a tissue-selective manner. Furthermore, dietary n-3 PUFAs widely affect the lipid oxidation susceptibility of all tissues. In conclusion, sustainable sources of n-3 PUFAs are limited and exert a different effect about (1) the form in which they are administered, precursor or derivatives; (2) their antioxidant protections; and (3) the purpose to be achieved (health improvement, physiological and reproductive traits, metabolic pathways, etc.).https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/10/806pufa sourcespufa metabolismsupplementationrabbit |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
María Rodríguez Pilar G. Rebollar Simona Mattioli Cesare Castellini |
spellingShingle |
María Rodríguez Pilar G. Rebollar Simona Mattioli Cesare Castellini n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit Animals pufa sources pufa metabolism supplementation rabbit |
author_facet |
María Rodríguez Pilar G. Rebollar Simona Mattioli Cesare Castellini |
author_sort |
María Rodríguez |
title |
n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit |
title_short |
n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit |
title_full |
n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit |
title_fullStr |
n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit |
title_full_unstemmed |
n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit |
title_sort |
n-3 pufa sources (precursor/products): a review of current knowledge on rabbit |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Animals |
issn |
2076-2615 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
This review compares the effects of different n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sources on biological activity, physiological/reproductive endpoints, and health implications with a special emphasis on a rabbit case study. Linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are members of two classes of PUFAs, namely the n-6 and n-3 series, which are required for normal human health. Both are considered precursors of a cascade of molecules (eicosanoids), which take part in many biological processes (inflammation, vasoconstriction/vasodilation, thromboregulation, etc.). However, their biological functions are opposite and are mainly related to the form (precursor or long-chain products) in which they were administered and to the enzyme−substrate preference. ALA is widely present in common vegetable oils and foods, marine algae, and natural herbs, whereas its long-chain PUFA derivatives are available mainly in fish and animal product origins. Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of n-3 PUFAs seems mostly to be tissue-dependent and acts in a tissue-selective manner. Furthermore, dietary n-3 PUFAs widely affect the lipid oxidation susceptibility of all tissues. In conclusion, sustainable sources of n-3 PUFAs are limited and exert a different effect about (1) the form in which they are administered, precursor or derivatives; (2) their antioxidant protections; and (3) the purpose to be achieved (health improvement, physiological and reproductive traits, metabolic pathways, etc.). |
topic |
pufa sources pufa metabolism supplementation rabbit |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/10/806 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mariarodriguez n3pufasourcesprecursorproductsareviewofcurrentknowledgeonrabbit AT pilargrebollar n3pufasourcesprecursorproductsareviewofcurrentknowledgeonrabbit AT simonamattioli n3pufasourcesprecursorproductsareviewofcurrentknowledgeonrabbit AT cesarecastellini n3pufasourcesprecursorproductsareviewofcurrentknowledgeonrabbit |
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