A comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease

Background: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD); the pathogenesis and natural course of which has not been fully understood. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate patients with FOG in PD and ascertain factors contributing to an earl...

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Main Authors: Shweta Prasad, Abhishek Lenka, Albert Stezin, Rajini M Naduthota, Menka Jha, Ravi Yadav, Pramod Kumar Pal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2018-01-01
Series:Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.annalsofian.org/article.asp?issn=0972-2327;year=2018;volume=21;issue=4;spage=256;epage=262;aulast=Prasad
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spelling doaj-e34db08216aa4d38a6ebdbb87bd7a4822020-11-24T21:49:46ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAnnals of Indian Academy of Neurology0972-23271998-35492018-01-0121425626210.4103/aian.AIAN_459_17A comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in Parkinson's diseaseShweta PrasadAbhishek LenkaAlbert StezinRajini M NaduthotaMenka JhaRavi YadavPramod Kumar PalBackground: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD); the pathogenesis and natural course of which has not been fully understood. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate patients with FOG in PD and ascertain factors contributing to an early onset of FOG in patients with PD. Methodology: A chart review of 100 patients with PD (FOG [+] 50, FOG [−]: 50) was performed. FOG (+) patients were subdivided by a median split of time from motor onset to development of FOG (median: 6 years) into early onset FOG (EOFOG [n = 24]) and late onset FOG (n = 26). Results: The FOG (+) group had a significantly longer duration of motor symptoms, a higher Hoehn and Yahr stage, and greater severity of disease. Festination, falls, and wearing off were more prevalent in the FOG (+) group. Several nonmotor symptoms (NMS) such as constipation, psychosis, fatigue, weight loss, drooling, excessive sweating, depression, and postural giddiness were significantly higher in the FOG (+) group. The EOFOG group had a later age at onset of motor symptoms. There were no significant differences observed in the NMS, with the exception of fatigue in EOFOG. Conclusions: FOG is associated with longer disease duration and higher severity of disease. FOG (+) patients have distinct NMS which are contributory to disease morbidity. EOFOG might be associated with an accelerated disease progression and is linked with older patients and shorter disease duration.http://www.annalsofian.org/article.asp?issn=0972-2327;year=2018;volume=21;issue=4;spage=256;epage=262;aulast=PrasadEarly onsetfreezing of gaitParkinson's disease
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Shweta Prasad
Abhishek Lenka
Albert Stezin
Rajini M Naduthota
Menka Jha
Ravi Yadav
Pramod Kumar Pal
spellingShingle Shweta Prasad
Abhishek Lenka
Albert Stezin
Rajini M Naduthota
Menka Jha
Ravi Yadav
Pramod Kumar Pal
A comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
Early onset
freezing of gait
Parkinson's disease
author_facet Shweta Prasad
Abhishek Lenka
Albert Stezin
Rajini M Naduthota
Menka Jha
Ravi Yadav
Pramod Kumar Pal
author_sort Shweta Prasad
title A comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
title_short A comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
title_full A comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
title_fullStr A comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
title_full_unstemmed A comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
title_sort comparative study of early and late onset freezing of gait in parkinson's disease
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
series Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
issn 0972-2327
1998-3549
publishDate 2018-01-01
description Background: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD); the pathogenesis and natural course of which has not been fully understood. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate patients with FOG in PD and ascertain factors contributing to an early onset of FOG in patients with PD. Methodology: A chart review of 100 patients with PD (FOG [+] 50, FOG [−]: 50) was performed. FOG (+) patients were subdivided by a median split of time from motor onset to development of FOG (median: 6 years) into early onset FOG (EOFOG [n = 24]) and late onset FOG (n = 26). Results: The FOG (+) group had a significantly longer duration of motor symptoms, a higher Hoehn and Yahr stage, and greater severity of disease. Festination, falls, and wearing off were more prevalent in the FOG (+) group. Several nonmotor symptoms (NMS) such as constipation, psychosis, fatigue, weight loss, drooling, excessive sweating, depression, and postural giddiness were significantly higher in the FOG (+) group. The EOFOG group had a later age at onset of motor symptoms. There were no significant differences observed in the NMS, with the exception of fatigue in EOFOG. Conclusions: FOG is associated with longer disease duration and higher severity of disease. FOG (+) patients have distinct NMS which are contributory to disease morbidity. EOFOG might be associated with an accelerated disease progression and is linked with older patients and shorter disease duration.
topic Early onset
freezing of gait
Parkinson's disease
url http://www.annalsofian.org/article.asp?issn=0972-2327;year=2018;volume=21;issue=4;spage=256;epage=262;aulast=Prasad
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