Impact of Energy and Carbon Emission of a Supply Chain Management with Two-Level Trade-Credit Policy
Supply chain management aims to integrate environmental thinking with efficient energy consumption into supply chain management. It includes a flexible manufacturing process, more product delivery to customers, optimum energy consumption, and reduced waste. The manufacturing process can be made more...
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doaj-e3bd9a8ae94b4a2885fe71a689b792f92021-03-13T00:01:59ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-03-01141569156910.3390/en14061569Impact of Energy and Carbon Emission of a Supply Chain Management with Two-Level Trade-Credit PolicyVandana0S. R. Singh1Dharmendra Yadav2Biswajit Sarkar3Mitali Sarkar4Department of Mathematics, Inderprastha Engg. College, Ghaziabad 201010, IndiaDepartment of Mathematics, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut 250001, IndiaDepartment of Mathematics, Vardhaman College, MJP Rohilkhand University, Uttar Pradesh 246701, IndiaDepartment of Industrial Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, KoreaInformation Technology Research Center, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, KoreaSupply chain management aims to integrate environmental thinking with efficient energy consumption into supply chain management. It includes a flexible manufacturing process, more product delivery to customers, optimum energy consumption, and reduced waste. The manufacturing process can be made more flexible through volume agility. In this scenario, production cannot be constant, and with the concept of volume agility, production is taken as a decision variable under the effect of optimum energy consumption. Considering a two-echelon supply chain, we consider a producer and supplier with two-level-trade-credit policies (TLTCP) with the optimum consumption. To reduce the integrated total inventory cost, we believe that demand is a function of the credit period and selling price. The cost function is analyzed, either with the credit period dependent demand rate or with the selling price dependent demand rate through the numerical examples under energy costs. Energy and carbon emission costs are introduced in setup/ordering cost, holding cost, and item cost for producer and supplier. The effect of inflation on the total cost cannot be ignored; this model is being developed for deteriorating items with the simultaneous impact of volume agility, energy, carbon emission cost, and two-level-trade-credit policies with inflation. This supply chain model was solved analytically and obtained the optimum decision variables in a quasi-closed form solution. An illustrative theorem is being utilized to analyze the optimum result for all the decision parameters. The convexity of the objective function is being obtained analytically as well as graphically. Finally, numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are employed to illustrate the present study and with managerial insights.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/6/1569supply chain managementenergycarbon emissionagile manufacturingtrade-credit policiesinflation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Vandana S. R. Singh Dharmendra Yadav Biswajit Sarkar Mitali Sarkar |
spellingShingle |
Vandana S. R. Singh Dharmendra Yadav Biswajit Sarkar Mitali Sarkar Impact of Energy and Carbon Emission of a Supply Chain Management with Two-Level Trade-Credit Policy Energies supply chain management energy carbon emission agile manufacturing trade-credit policies inflation |
author_facet |
Vandana S. R. Singh Dharmendra Yadav Biswajit Sarkar Mitali Sarkar |
author_sort |
Vandana |
title |
Impact of Energy and Carbon Emission of a Supply Chain Management with Two-Level Trade-Credit Policy |
title_short |
Impact of Energy and Carbon Emission of a Supply Chain Management with Two-Level Trade-Credit Policy |
title_full |
Impact of Energy and Carbon Emission of a Supply Chain Management with Two-Level Trade-Credit Policy |
title_fullStr |
Impact of Energy and Carbon Emission of a Supply Chain Management with Two-Level Trade-Credit Policy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of Energy and Carbon Emission of a Supply Chain Management with Two-Level Trade-Credit Policy |
title_sort |
impact of energy and carbon emission of a supply chain management with two-level trade-credit policy |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Energies |
issn |
1996-1073 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Supply chain management aims to integrate environmental thinking with efficient energy consumption into supply chain management. It includes a flexible manufacturing process, more product delivery to customers, optimum energy consumption, and reduced waste. The manufacturing process can be made more flexible through volume agility. In this scenario, production cannot be constant, and with the concept of volume agility, production is taken as a decision variable under the effect of optimum energy consumption. Considering a two-echelon supply chain, we consider a producer and supplier with two-level-trade-credit policies (TLTCP) with the optimum consumption. To reduce the integrated total inventory cost, we believe that demand is a function of the credit period and selling price. The cost function is analyzed, either with the credit period dependent demand rate or with the selling price dependent demand rate through the numerical examples under energy costs. Energy and carbon emission costs are introduced in setup/ordering cost, holding cost, and item cost for producer and supplier. The effect of inflation on the total cost cannot be ignored; this model is being developed for deteriorating items with the simultaneous impact of volume agility, energy, carbon emission cost, and two-level-trade-credit policies with inflation. This supply chain model was solved analytically and obtained the optimum decision variables in a quasi-closed form solution. An illustrative theorem is being utilized to analyze the optimum result for all the decision parameters. The convexity of the objective function is being obtained analytically as well as graphically. Finally, numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are employed to illustrate the present study and with managerial insights. |
topic |
supply chain management energy carbon emission agile manufacturing trade-credit policies inflation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/6/1569 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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