Metagenomic Exploration of Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworms’ Gut
Living organisms are naturally bestowed with unique and imitable qualities for maintaining ecological balance and earthworms are no exceptions. These so-called keystone species of terrestrial ecosystems are equipped with wonderful machinery, allowing them to nurture soil beautifully. Earthworm gut r...
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Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
2021-09-01
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doaj-e3d0eb83c35e4a939936348b1781dd862021-09-24T10:02:03ZengJournal of Pure and Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Pure and Applied Microbiology0973-75102581-690X2021-09-011531156117210.22207/JPAM.15.3.05Metagenomic Exploration of Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworms’ GutSamrendra Singh Thakurhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2830-1134Azhar Rashid Lonehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-5090Nalini Tiwarihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4997-2295Subodh Kumar Jainhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1892-9662Shweta Yadavhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1452-824XLiving organisms are naturally bestowed with unique and imitable qualities for maintaining ecological balance and earthworms are no exceptions. These so-called keystone species of terrestrial ecosystems are equipped with wonderful machinery, allowing them to nurture soil beautifully. Earthworm gut represents a potential microbial reservoir, having a complex interdependence with the host. The study aimed to profile bacterial community structure of three earthworm species belonging to two different life forms; Perionyx excavatus and Eudrilus eugeniae (epigeic), Polypheretima elongata (endogeic) respectively. Diversity analysis using 16S amplicon sequencing revealed that the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria (34.17-77.88) followed by Actinobacteria (13.43-35.54%), Firmicutes (1.69-15.45%) and Bacteroidetes (0.51-8.12%). The alpha diversity indices explicit similar gut microbiota of Perionyx excavatus and Eudrilus eugeniae and while higher alpha diversity was recorded in comparison to Polypheretima elongata gut. The taxonomic to the phenotypic annotation of 16S rRNA metagenomes revealed that dominance of Gram-negative bacterial community in all earthworm species while, Polypheretima elongata comprises higher percentage (78%) of Gram-negative bacterial community to Perionyx excavatus (32.3%) and Eudrilus eugeniae (38.3%). The oxygen requirement phenotypic analysis showed that all earthworm species were abundant with aerobic followed by anaerobic bacterial groups. Furthermore, functional metabolism phenotypic analysis revealed that a high abundance of ammonia oxidizers (29.3-80.2%), the gut microbiomes showed the relative abundance of sulphate reducer (22.6-78.7%), nitrite reducer (19.8-73.2%), dehalogenators (12.6-25.1%), illustrating in the role of these microbial communities in various degradation and bioremediation processes. The present study signifies the intrinsic gut microbiota of earthworm species for intensified biodegradation.https://microbiologyjournal.org/metagenomic-exploration-of-bacterial-community-structure-of-earthworms-gut/metagenomic studyearthworm gut microbiotaammonia oxidiserbioremediationbiodegradation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Samrendra Singh Thakur Azhar Rashid Lone Nalini Tiwari Subodh Kumar Jain Shweta Yadav |
spellingShingle |
Samrendra Singh Thakur Azhar Rashid Lone Nalini Tiwari Subodh Kumar Jain Shweta Yadav Metagenomic Exploration of Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworms’ Gut Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology metagenomic study earthworm gut microbiota ammonia oxidiser bioremediation biodegradation |
author_facet |
Samrendra Singh Thakur Azhar Rashid Lone Nalini Tiwari Subodh Kumar Jain Shweta Yadav |
author_sort |
Samrendra Singh Thakur |
title |
Metagenomic Exploration of Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworms’ Gut |
title_short |
Metagenomic Exploration of Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworms’ Gut |
title_full |
Metagenomic Exploration of Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworms’ Gut |
title_fullStr |
Metagenomic Exploration of Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworms’ Gut |
title_full_unstemmed |
Metagenomic Exploration of Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworms’ Gut |
title_sort |
metagenomic exploration of bacterial community structure of earthworms’ gut |
publisher |
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology |
series |
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology |
issn |
0973-7510 2581-690X |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Living organisms are naturally bestowed with unique and imitable qualities for maintaining ecological balance and earthworms are no exceptions. These so-called keystone species of terrestrial ecosystems are equipped with wonderful machinery, allowing them to nurture soil beautifully. Earthworm gut represents a potential microbial reservoir, having a complex interdependence with the host. The study aimed to profile bacterial community structure of three earthworm species belonging to two different life forms; Perionyx excavatus and Eudrilus eugeniae (epigeic), Polypheretima elongata (endogeic) respectively. Diversity analysis using 16S amplicon sequencing revealed that the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria (34.17-77.88) followed by Actinobacteria (13.43-35.54%), Firmicutes (1.69-15.45%) and Bacteroidetes (0.51-8.12%). The alpha diversity indices explicit similar gut microbiota of Perionyx excavatus and Eudrilus eugeniae and while higher alpha diversity was recorded in comparison to Polypheretima elongata gut. The taxonomic to the phenotypic annotation of 16S rRNA metagenomes revealed that dominance of Gram-negative bacterial community in all earthworm species while, Polypheretima elongata comprises higher percentage (78%) of Gram-negative bacterial community to Perionyx excavatus (32.3%) and Eudrilus eugeniae (38.3%). The oxygen requirement phenotypic analysis showed that all earthworm species were abundant with aerobic followed by anaerobic bacterial groups. Furthermore, functional metabolism phenotypic analysis revealed that a high abundance of ammonia oxidizers (29.3-80.2%), the gut microbiomes showed the relative abundance of sulphate reducer (22.6-78.7%), nitrite reducer (19.8-73.2%), dehalogenators (12.6-25.1%), illustrating in the role of these microbial communities in various degradation and bioremediation processes. The present study signifies the intrinsic gut microbiota of earthworm species for intensified biodegradation. |
topic |
metagenomic study earthworm gut microbiota ammonia oxidiser bioremediation biodegradation |
url |
https://microbiologyjournal.org/metagenomic-exploration-of-bacterial-community-structure-of-earthworms-gut/ |
work_keys_str_mv |
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