Teor e composição química do óleo essencial de Hyptis marrubioides Epl., Lamiaceae em função da sazonalidade = Content and chemical composition of Hyptis marrubioides essential oil in function of seasons

• Main Authors: Suzan Kelly Vilela Bertolucci, Felipe Campos Figueiredo, Vany Ferraz, Priscila Pereira Botrel, José Eduardo Brasil Pereira Pinto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Eduem (Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá) 2010-07-01
• Series: Acta Scientiarum: Agronomy
• Subjects: oleo essencial; avaliacao sazonal; CG-EM; essential oils; seasonal evaluation; GC/MS
• Online Access: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/3415/3415

Os oleos essenciais sao principios odoriferos armazenados em celulas especiais da planta. O oleo essencial no genero Hyptis e usado como anestesico, antiespasmodico, antiinflamatorio e pode induzir aborto em doses elevadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influencia da sazonalidade no teor e composicao do oleo essencial de Hyptis marrubioides. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (inverno, primavera, verao e outono) e seis repeticoes, totalizando 60 plantas. O oleo essencial foi extraido por hidrodestilacao, em aparelho de Clevenger. A analise qualitativa do oleo essencial foi por cromatografia em fase gasosa (CG/EM). Na estacao do verao, as folhas das plantas de H. marrubiodes apresentaram os maiores teores de oleo essencial. Nas demais estacoes, os teores de oleo essencial obtidos foram semelhantes entre si. Os componentes majoritarios no oleo essencial foram os monoterpenoides &alpha;-tujona e &beta;-tujona. As concentracoes relativas dos picos correspondentes a &beta;-tujona nao apresentaram diferencas consideraveis nas quatro estacoes. Os sesquiterpenoides oxigenados (cedrol e cariofilenol) e nao-oxigenados (&alpha;-copaeno, &beta;-cariofileno, germacreno D e cadaleno) foram encontrados em menores quantidades no oleo essencial, entretanto observam-se diferencas quantitativas ao longo das estacoes.<br><br>Essential oils are odorous principles stored in special plant cells. The essential oil in the Hyptis genus is traditionally used as an anesthetic, antispasmodic, antiinflammatory, and can induce abortion in high doses. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the influence of seasons in essential oil content and chemical composition of species H. marrubioides. A completely randomized complete design was used with four treatments (winter, spring, summer and autumn) and six replications, totaling 60 plants. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation with a Clevenger apparatus. The qualitative analysis of the essential oil was performed by gas chromatography (GC/MS). In summer, plant leaves showed higher essential oil content. In the other seasons, essential oil content was similar. The majorcompounds in the essential oil were monoterpene &alpha;-thujone and &beta;-thujone. The peak relative concentrations of &beta;-thujone did not show considerable difference among the seasons. The oxygenate sesquiterpenoids (cedrol and caryophyllenol) and not oxygenate (&alpha;-copaene, &alpha;-caryophyllene, germacrene D and cadalene), were found in lower quantity in the essential oil; however, quantitative differences were observed over the seasons.