Cytokine Profiles Associated With Worse Prognosis in a Hospitalized Peruvian COVID-19 Cohort
Cytokines, chemokines and growth factors present different expression profiles related to the prognosis of COVID-19. We analyzed clinical parameters and assessed the expression of these biomarkers in patients with different disease severity in a hospitalized Peruvian cohort to determine those associ...
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2021-09-01
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.700921/full |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Maria J. Pons Barbara Ymaña Ana Mayanga-Herrera Yolanda Sáenz Lydia Alvarez-Erviti Salyoc Tapia-Rojas Roxana Gamarra Amanda B. Blanco Gemma Moncunill Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil |
spellingShingle |
Maria J. Pons Barbara Ymaña Ana Mayanga-Herrera Yolanda Sáenz Lydia Alvarez-Erviti Salyoc Tapia-Rojas Roxana Gamarra Amanda B. Blanco Gemma Moncunill Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil Cytokine Profiles Associated With Worse Prognosis in a Hospitalized Peruvian COVID-19 Cohort Frontiers in Immunology COVID-19 cytokine prognosis SARS-CoV-2 IgG proinflammatory biomarkers |
author_facet |
Maria J. Pons Barbara Ymaña Ana Mayanga-Herrera Yolanda Sáenz Lydia Alvarez-Erviti Salyoc Tapia-Rojas Roxana Gamarra Amanda B. Blanco Gemma Moncunill Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil |
author_sort |
Maria J. Pons |
title |
Cytokine Profiles Associated With Worse Prognosis in a Hospitalized Peruvian COVID-19 Cohort |
title_short |
Cytokine Profiles Associated With Worse Prognosis in a Hospitalized Peruvian COVID-19 Cohort |
title_full |
Cytokine Profiles Associated With Worse Prognosis in a Hospitalized Peruvian COVID-19 Cohort |
title_fullStr |
Cytokine Profiles Associated With Worse Prognosis in a Hospitalized Peruvian COVID-19 Cohort |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cytokine Profiles Associated With Worse Prognosis in a Hospitalized Peruvian COVID-19 Cohort |
title_sort |
cytokine profiles associated with worse prognosis in a hospitalized peruvian covid-19 cohort |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Immunology |
issn |
1664-3224 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Cytokines, chemokines and growth factors present different expression profiles related to the prognosis of COVID-19. We analyzed clinical parameters and assessed the expression of these biomarkers in patients with different disease severity in a hospitalized Peruvian cohort to determine those associated with worse prognosis. We measured anti-spike IgG antibodies by ELISA and 30 cytokines by quantitative suspension array technology in 123 sera samples. We analyzed differences between patients with moderate, severe and fatal COVID-19 by logistic regression at baseline and in longitudinal samples. Significant differences were found among the clinical parameters: hemoglobin, neutrophils, lymphocytes and C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine and D-dimer levels. Higher anti-spike IgG antibody concentrations were associated to fatal patient outcomes. At hospitalization, IL-10, IL-6, MIP-1α, GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-15, IL-5, IL1RA, TNFα and IL-8 levels were already increased in fatal patients´ group. Meanwhile, multivariable analysis revealed that increased GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-15, and IL-8 values were associated with fatal outcomes. Moreover, longitudinal analysis identified IL-6 and MCP-1 as the main risk factors related to mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In this Peruvian cohort we identified and validated biomarkers related to COVID-19 outcomes. Further studies are needed to identify novel criteria for stratification of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients at hospital entry. BackgroundIn the most severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, large numbers of innate and adaptive immune cells become activated and begin to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, establishing an exacerbated feedback loop of inflammation.MethodsA total of 55 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen in Lima, Peru were enrolled during August-October 2020. Of these, 21 had moderate disease, 24 severe diseases and 10 died. We measured 30 cytokines and chemokines by quantitative suspension array technology and anti-spike IgG antibodies using a commercial ELISA. We evaluated these parameters in peripheral blood every 2-5 days until patient discharge or death. Patient information and clinical parameters related were obtained from the respective clinical histories.ResultsThe frequency of obesity differed among the 3 groups, being most frequent in patients who died. There were also significant differences in clinical parameters: hemoglobin, segmented neutrophils, lymphocytes,C-reactive protein, creatinine and D-dimer levels. Greater anti-spike IgG antibody concentrations were associated to fatal outcomes. In univariate analyses, higher baseline concentrations of IL-6, MIP-1α, GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-15, IL-5, IL1RA, TNFα, IL-8 and IL-12p70 correlated with severity, while multivariable analysis showed that increased concentrations in 4 biomarkers (GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-15, IL-8) were associated with fatal outcomes. Longitudinal analysis showed IL-6 (hazard ratio [HR] 6.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-28.7) and MCP-1 (HR 4.61, 95%CI 1.1-19.1) to be related to mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.ConclusionsCytokine, chemokine and growth factor profiles were identified and validated related to severity and outcomes of COVID-19. Our findings may be useful to identify novel criteria for COVID-19 patient stratification at hospital entry. |
topic |
COVID-19 cytokine prognosis SARS-CoV-2 IgG proinflammatory biomarkers |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.700921/full |
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doaj-e3eda6f3833c41e984a35fa6737b704b2021-09-04T01:45:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-09-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.700921700921Cytokine Profiles Associated With Worse Prognosis in a Hospitalized Peruvian COVID-19 CohortMaria J. Pons0Barbara Ymaña1Ana Mayanga-Herrera2Yolanda Sáenz3Lydia Alvarez-Erviti4Salyoc Tapia-Rojas5Roxana Gamarra6Amanda B. Blanco7Gemma Moncunill8Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil9Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil10Grupo Enfermedades Emergentes, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PeruGrupo Enfermedades Emergentes, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PeruLaboratorio de Cultivo Celular e Inmunología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PeruÁrea de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, SpainÁrea de Neurobiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, SpainLaboratorio de Cultivo Celular e Inmunología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PeruHospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, PeruHospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, PeruISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainGrupo Enfermedades Emergentes, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PeruHospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, PeruCytokines, chemokines and growth factors present different expression profiles related to the prognosis of COVID-19. We analyzed clinical parameters and assessed the expression of these biomarkers in patients with different disease severity in a hospitalized Peruvian cohort to determine those associated with worse prognosis. We measured anti-spike IgG antibodies by ELISA and 30 cytokines by quantitative suspension array technology in 123 sera samples. We analyzed differences between patients with moderate, severe and fatal COVID-19 by logistic regression at baseline and in longitudinal samples. Significant differences were found among the clinical parameters: hemoglobin, neutrophils, lymphocytes and C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine and D-dimer levels. Higher anti-spike IgG antibody concentrations were associated to fatal patient outcomes. At hospitalization, IL-10, IL-6, MIP-1α, GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-15, IL-5, IL1RA, TNFα and IL-8 levels were already increased in fatal patients´ group. Meanwhile, multivariable analysis revealed that increased GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-15, and IL-8 values were associated with fatal outcomes. Moreover, longitudinal analysis identified IL-6 and MCP-1 as the main risk factors related to mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In this Peruvian cohort we identified and validated biomarkers related to COVID-19 outcomes. Further studies are needed to identify novel criteria for stratification of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients at hospital entry. BackgroundIn the most severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, large numbers of innate and adaptive immune cells become activated and begin to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, establishing an exacerbated feedback loop of inflammation.MethodsA total of 55 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen in Lima, Peru were enrolled during August-October 2020. Of these, 21 had moderate disease, 24 severe diseases and 10 died. We measured 30 cytokines and chemokines by quantitative suspension array technology and anti-spike IgG antibodies using a commercial ELISA. We evaluated these parameters in peripheral blood every 2-5 days until patient discharge or death. Patient information and clinical parameters related were obtained from the respective clinical histories.ResultsThe frequency of obesity differed among the 3 groups, being most frequent in patients who died. There were also significant differences in clinical parameters: hemoglobin, segmented neutrophils, lymphocytes,C-reactive protein, creatinine and D-dimer levels. Greater anti-spike IgG antibody concentrations were associated to fatal outcomes. In univariate analyses, higher baseline concentrations of IL-6, MIP-1α, GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-15, IL-5, IL1RA, TNFα, IL-8 and IL-12p70 correlated with severity, while multivariable analysis showed that increased concentrations in 4 biomarkers (GM-CSF, MCP-1, IL-15, IL-8) were associated with fatal outcomes. Longitudinal analysis showed IL-6 (hazard ratio [HR] 6.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-28.7) and MCP-1 (HR 4.61, 95%CI 1.1-19.1) to be related to mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.ConclusionsCytokine, chemokine and growth factor profiles were identified and validated related to severity and outcomes of COVID-19. Our findings may be useful to identify novel criteria for COVID-19 patient stratification at hospital entry.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.700921/fullCOVID-19cytokineprognosisSARS-CoV-2 IgGproinflammatorybiomarkers |