Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in Bangladesh
Irrational applications of insecticides on vegetable crops are very common in Bangladesh, resulting in harmful consequences for the environment and human health. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of biological and botanical insecticides on okra shoot and fruit borer grown in...
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doaj-e45b5d0c1d14494aaee040f7c1f81bbd2021-01-14T00:05:32ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242021-01-0177710.3390/horticulturae7010007Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in BangladeshMd. Abdur Razzak Choudhury0Md. Fuad Mondal1Ahasan Ullah Khan2Md. Shahadat Hossain3Md Obyedul Kalam Azad4Mohammad Dalower Hossain Prodhan5Jasim Uddain6Mohammed Saifur Rahman7Nur Ahmed8Ki Young Choi9Most Tahera Naznin10Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, BangladeshDepartment of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, BangladeshDepartment of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, BangladeshDepartment of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, BangladeshDepartment of Bio-Health Technology, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDivision of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1706, BangladeshDepartment of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka1207, BangladeshDepartment of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 103, 23053 Alnarp, SwedenDepartment of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 103, 23053 Alnarp, SwedenDepartment of controlled Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 103, 23053 Alnarp, SwedenIrrational applications of insecticides on vegetable crops are very common in Bangladesh, resulting in harmful consequences for the environment and human health. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of biological and botanical insecticides on okra shoot and fruit borer grown in open fields. Four insecticides were used in this study, namely <i>Bacillus thuringiensis </i>(Bt), Spinosad 45 SC, Abamectin 1.8 EC, and Azadirachtin 1% EC an untreated control. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that the rate of shoot infestation was the lowest in the Spinosad-treated plot (3.80%), and the highest was in the control (20.67%). The lowest fruit infestation (3.56%) was recorded in the treated plot of Spinosad. The rate of reduction of fruit infestation over control was 80.69, 60.14, 56.45, and 55.58% in the plots treated with Spinosad, Bt, Azadirachtin, and Abamectin, respectively. Consequently, the Spinosad-treated plot attained the highest yield (8.65 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), which was followed by the plots treated with Azadirachtin (6.74 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), Bt (6.28 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), and Abamectin (6.12 t ha<sup>−1</sup>). The highest net return and benefit–cost ratio (BCR) were 542.36 US$ and 2.64, obtained respectively from the Spinosad-treated plot. The second highest BCR (1.70) was obtained from the Azadiratin-treated plot, and the lowest BCR (1.18) was recorded in the Abamectin-treated plot. Therefore, the studied insect management practices could be incorporated to attain higher yields and economic benefits for growing okra in Bangladesh.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/1/7pest managementbiological insecticideeconomic returnfruit yield |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Md. Abdur Razzak Choudhury Md. Fuad Mondal Ahasan Ullah Khan Md. Shahadat Hossain Md Obyedul Kalam Azad Mohammad Dalower Hossain Prodhan Jasim Uddain Mohammed Saifur Rahman Nur Ahmed Ki Young Choi Most Tahera Naznin |
spellingShingle |
Md. Abdur Razzak Choudhury Md. Fuad Mondal Ahasan Ullah Khan Md. Shahadat Hossain Md Obyedul Kalam Azad Mohammad Dalower Hossain Prodhan Jasim Uddain Mohammed Saifur Rahman Nur Ahmed Ki Young Choi Most Tahera Naznin Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in Bangladesh Horticulturae pest management biological insecticide economic return fruit yield |
author_facet |
Md. Abdur Razzak Choudhury Md. Fuad Mondal Ahasan Ullah Khan Md. Shahadat Hossain Md Obyedul Kalam Azad Mohammad Dalower Hossain Prodhan Jasim Uddain Mohammed Saifur Rahman Nur Ahmed Ki Young Choi Most Tahera Naznin |
author_sort |
Md. Abdur Razzak Choudhury |
title |
Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in Bangladesh |
title_short |
Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in Bangladesh |
title_full |
Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in Bangladesh |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in Bangladesh |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in Bangladesh |
title_sort |
evaluation of biological approaches for controlling shoot and fruit borer (earias vitella f.) of okra grown in peri-urban area in bangladesh |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Horticulturae |
issn |
2311-7524 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Irrational applications of insecticides on vegetable crops are very common in Bangladesh, resulting in harmful consequences for the environment and human health. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of biological and botanical insecticides on okra shoot and fruit borer grown in open fields. Four insecticides were used in this study, namely <i>Bacillus thuringiensis </i>(Bt), Spinosad 45 SC, Abamectin 1.8 EC, and Azadirachtin 1% EC an untreated control. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that the rate of shoot infestation was the lowest in the Spinosad-treated plot (3.80%), and the highest was in the control (20.67%). The lowest fruit infestation (3.56%) was recorded in the treated plot of Spinosad. The rate of reduction of fruit infestation over control was 80.69, 60.14, 56.45, and 55.58% in the plots treated with Spinosad, Bt, Azadirachtin, and Abamectin, respectively. Consequently, the Spinosad-treated plot attained the highest yield (8.65 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), which was followed by the plots treated with Azadirachtin (6.74 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), Bt (6.28 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), and Abamectin (6.12 t ha<sup>−1</sup>). The highest net return and benefit–cost ratio (BCR) were 542.36 US$ and 2.64, obtained respectively from the Spinosad-treated plot. The second highest BCR (1.70) was obtained from the Azadiratin-treated plot, and the lowest BCR (1.18) was recorded in the Abamectin-treated plot. Therefore, the studied insect management practices could be incorporated to attain higher yields and economic benefits for growing okra in Bangladesh. |
topic |
pest management biological insecticide economic return fruit yield |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/1/7 |
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