Design and Development of a New Press for Grape Marc

• Main Authors: Andrea Formato, Domenico Ianniello, Raffaele Romano, Arcangelo Pellegrino, Francesco Villecco
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2019-07-01
• Series: Machines
• Subjects: grape pomace pressing; continuous press; winemaking process
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/7/3/51

The purpose of this research was to determine the optimal geometry of a variable pitch conical helicoid to be used in a pressing machine for grape pomace, also known as grape marc. This study attempted to understand if the optimized geometry of the considered helicoid after every pitch resulted in volume decrease <i>DV_c</i>, equal to that obtained during the pressing phase of grape pomace <i>DV_p</i>, using an optimized membrane press. The conical helicoid with variable pitch was replaced in a machine that offered continuous pressing of grape pomace using a cylindrical helicoid with constant pitch (constant pressure distribution, not optimized, along the cochlea axis). As this was a machine already available in the market, the overall dimensions were already established&#8212;5.95 m in length and 1.5 m in width. The pressure distribution p₁ and volume change <i>DV_p</i>, obtained during the grape pomace pressing phase in the optimized membrane press (producing high-quality wine) was taken into consideration in this research. Furthermore, the optimized pressure distribution p₁ was applied in seven phases during the pressing process, and a consequent volume change value <i>DV_p</i> was obtained for each phase. Therefore, this study determined the geometry of the variable pitch conical helicoid, which, after every pitch, resulted in volume changing <i>DV_c</i> that was similar to the volume changing <i>DV_p</i> obtained by the optimized membrane press. For this scope, calculations were realized using the Mathematica 10 program code, which, on being assigned the overall dimensions, slope angle of the helicoid, and volume for the first pitch value, determined the radius and pitch values of the helicoid, total volume, and volume change <i>DV_c</i>. It was also noted that by appropriately varying the geometric parameters (taper and pitch of the helicoid), different options of pressure distribution on grape pomace can be obtained, thus enabling improvement and optimization of product quality.