Metabolic nephropathies in children: Causes, clinical and laboratory manifestations

• Main Authors: E. A. Yuryeva, V. V. Dlin, M. V. Kudin, N. N. Novikova, E. S. Vozdvizhenskaya, M. N. Kharabadze, D. L. Knyazeva
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation” 2016-04-01
• Series: Rossijskij Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii
• Subjects: children; dysmetabolic nephropathy; endogenous and exogenous intoxication; trace elements
• Online Access: https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/298

In the regions polluted with industrial or agricultural toxicants, dysmetabolic nephropathy is detected in every 2 or 3 children and this rate increases with age. Exogenous intoxication is not the only cause of dysmetabolic nephropathy; of no less importance are endogenous toxicants, such as oxidative stress products, excess of usual metabolites or emergence of unusual products of abnormal metabolism. The toxicants are ascertained to be able to change the conformation of protein molecules to give rise to additional ligand loci ensuring the aggressive uptake of trace elements that fix changes in protein molecules, making them antigenically alien to the body. Low molecular weight proteins with their changed structure, which penetrate through the basement membrane, are unrecognized by the reabsorption systems of proximal tubules and excreted with urine, determining the appearance of the most steady and age-increasing sign of dysmetabolic nephropathy – microproteinuria or trace elementuria.