Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in the manufacture of several commercial products like foods, packaging, cosmetics, medicines and healthcare formulations and anti-fouling paints. These NMs can pollute water bodies when they become bioavailable. In this context, this study invest...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2021-01-01
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doaj-e5303745769341b385d4c4f5618880202021-02-11T04:24:10ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology2590-18262021-01-0138590Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystemsAna Claudia O. de Almeida0Lais F. dos Santos1Denice S. Vicentini2William G. Matias3Silvia P. Melegari4Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Parana - UFPR, Campus Pontal do Paraná, Av. Beira-Mar, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, BrazilCenter for Marine Studies, Federal University of Parana - UFPR, Campus Pontal do Paraná, Av. Beira-Mar, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, BrazilDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, BrazilDepartment of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, BrazilCenter for Marine Studies, Federal University of Parana - UFPR, Campus Pontal do Paraná, Av. Beira-Mar, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil; Corresponding author at: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Parana - UFPR, Campus Pontal do Paraná, Av. Beira-Mar, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in the manufacture of several commercial products like foods, packaging, cosmetics, medicines and healthcare formulations and anti-fouling paints. These NMs can pollute water bodies when they become bioavailable. In this context, this study investigated the toxicity of ZnO nanorods (NRs) on green microalgae from freshwater and marine ecosystems, to better understand the behavior of this NM on each environment. Two green microalgae species, Desmodesmus subspicatus (freshwater) and Tetraselmus sp. (marine), were evaluated by chronic toxicity tests and oxidative stress induction by the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT). The exposition assays were performed using three different concentrations of ZnO NRs (0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/L, and a negative control). ZnO NRs significantly affected the growth rate of both tested chlorophytes. The chronic toxicity test showed LOEC (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration) levels of 10 mg/L (72 h) for D. subspicatus and 1.0 mg/L (24 h) for Tetraselmis sp. It was observed NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) levels of 1.0 mg/L to D. subspicatus was (at 72 h) and of <0.1 mg/L for Tetraselmis sp. (at 24 h). In the enzymatic activity tests of D. subspicatus exposed to ZnO NRs, the CAT activity caused significant changes at the concentration at 10 mg/Lof ZnO NRs when compared to the control test, but for Tetraselmis sp. no change was observed in CAT activity. These results indicate that D. subspicatus was more sensitive to the effects of ZnO NRs at the concentration of 10 mg/L after 72 h, while oxidative stress of this alga was also observed at the same concentration. The results of this study show the importance of further investigating the toxicological effects of ZnO NRs on green microalgae from distinct aquatic environments and of evaluating the toxicological response of these microalgae in culture media.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182621000060Chronic toxicityDesmodesmus subspicatusOxidative stressTetraselmis sp.Zinc oxide nanorods |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ana Claudia O. de Almeida Lais F. dos Santos Denice S. Vicentini William G. Matias Silvia P. Melegari |
spellingShingle |
Ana Claudia O. de Almeida Lais F. dos Santos Denice S. Vicentini William G. Matias Silvia P. Melegari Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Chronic toxicity Desmodesmus subspicatus Oxidative stress Tetraselmis sp. Zinc oxide nanorods |
author_facet |
Ana Claudia O. de Almeida Lais F. dos Santos Denice S. Vicentini William G. Matias Silvia P. Melegari |
author_sort |
Ana Claudia O. de Almeida |
title |
Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems |
title_short |
Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems |
title_full |
Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems |
title_sort |
evaluation of toxicity of zinc oxide nanorods on green microalgae of freshwater and marine ecosystems |
publisher |
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
series |
Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology |
issn |
2590-1826 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in the manufacture of several commercial products like foods, packaging, cosmetics, medicines and healthcare formulations and anti-fouling paints. These NMs can pollute water bodies when they become bioavailable. In this context, this study investigated the toxicity of ZnO nanorods (NRs) on green microalgae from freshwater and marine ecosystems, to better understand the behavior of this NM on each environment. Two green microalgae species, Desmodesmus subspicatus (freshwater) and Tetraselmus sp. (marine), were evaluated by chronic toxicity tests and oxidative stress induction by the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT). The exposition assays were performed using three different concentrations of ZnO NRs (0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/L, and a negative control). ZnO NRs significantly affected the growth rate of both tested chlorophytes. The chronic toxicity test showed LOEC (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration) levels of 10 mg/L (72 h) for D. subspicatus and 1.0 mg/L (24 h) for Tetraselmis sp. It was observed NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) levels of 1.0 mg/L to D. subspicatus was (at 72 h) and of <0.1 mg/L for Tetraselmis sp. (at 24 h). In the enzymatic activity tests of D. subspicatus exposed to ZnO NRs, the CAT activity caused significant changes at the concentration at 10 mg/Lof ZnO NRs when compared to the control test, but for Tetraselmis sp. no change was observed in CAT activity. These results indicate that D. subspicatus was more sensitive to the effects of ZnO NRs at the concentration of 10 mg/L after 72 h, while oxidative stress of this alga was also observed at the same concentration. The results of this study show the importance of further investigating the toxicological effects of ZnO NRs on green microalgae from distinct aquatic environments and of evaluating the toxicological response of these microalgae in culture media. |
topic |
Chronic toxicity Desmodesmus subspicatus Oxidative stress Tetraselmis sp. Zinc oxide nanorods |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182621000060 |
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