Multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population in the Peruvian Amazon
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Peru is one of the Latin American countries with the highest malaria burden, mainly due to <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>infections. However, little is known about <it>P. vivax </it>transmission dynamics in the Pe...
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doaj-e53277e2d728449793def828c4fce2722020-11-24T21:33:53ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752010-06-019115110.1186/1475-2875-9-151Multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population in the Peruvian AmazonRodriguez HugoGrande TaniluGamboa DioniciaSoto-Calle Veronica EHuyse TineDelgado ChristopherVan der Auwera GertVan den Eede PeterLlanos AlejandroAnné JozefErhart AnnetteD'Alessandro Umberto<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Peru is one of the Latin American countries with the highest malaria burden, mainly due to <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>infections. However, little is known about <it>P. vivax </it>transmission dynamics in the Peruvian Amazon, where most malaria cases occur. The genetic diversity and population structure of <it>P. vivax </it>isolates collected in different communities around Iquitos city, the capital of the Peruvian Amazon, was determined.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p><it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population structure was determined by multilocus genotyping with 16 microsatellites on 159 <it>P. vivax </it>infected blood samples (mono-infections) collected in four sites around Iquitos city. The population characteristics were assessed only in samples with monoclonal infections (n = 94), and the genetic diversity was determined by calculating the expected heterozygosity and allelic richness. Both linkage disequilibrium and the genetic differentiation (<it>θ</it>) were estimated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The proportion of polyclonal infections varied substantially by site (11% - 70%), with the expected heterozygosity ranging between 0.44 and 0.69; no haplotypes were shared between the different populations. Linkage disequilibrium was present in all populations (<it>I</it><sub>A</sub><sup>S </sup>0.14 - 0.61) but was higher in those with fewer polyclonal infections, suggesting inbreeding and a clonal population structure. Strong population differentiation (<it>θ </it>= 0.45) was found and the Bayesian inference cluster analysis identified six clusters based on distinctive allele frequencies.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The <it>P. vivax </it>populations circulating in the Peruvian Amazon basin are genetically diverse, strongly differentiated and they have a low effective recombination rate. These results are in line with the low and clustered pattern of malaria transmission observed in the region around Iquitos city.</p> http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/151 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rodriguez Hugo Grande Tanilu Gamboa Dionicia Soto-Calle Veronica E Huyse Tine Delgado Christopher Van der Auwera Gert Van den Eede Peter Llanos Alejandro Anné Jozef Erhart Annette D'Alessandro Umberto |
spellingShingle |
Rodriguez Hugo Grande Tanilu Gamboa Dionicia Soto-Calle Veronica E Huyse Tine Delgado Christopher Van der Auwera Gert Van den Eede Peter Llanos Alejandro Anné Jozef Erhart Annette D'Alessandro Umberto Multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population in the Peruvian Amazon Malaria Journal |
author_facet |
Rodriguez Hugo Grande Tanilu Gamboa Dionicia Soto-Calle Veronica E Huyse Tine Delgado Christopher Van der Auwera Gert Van den Eede Peter Llanos Alejandro Anné Jozef Erhart Annette D'Alessandro Umberto |
author_sort |
Rodriguez Hugo |
title |
Multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population in the Peruvian Amazon |
title_short |
Multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population in the Peruvian Amazon |
title_full |
Multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population in the Peruvian Amazon |
title_fullStr |
Multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population in the Peruvian Amazon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population in the Peruvian Amazon |
title_sort |
multilocus genotyping reveals high heterogeneity and strong local population structure of the <it>plasmodium vivax </it>population in the peruvian amazon |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Malaria Journal |
issn |
1475-2875 |
publishDate |
2010-06-01 |
description |
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Peru is one of the Latin American countries with the highest malaria burden, mainly due to <it>Plasmodium vivax </it>infections. However, little is known about <it>P. vivax </it>transmission dynamics in the Peruvian Amazon, where most malaria cases occur. The genetic diversity and population structure of <it>P. vivax </it>isolates collected in different communities around Iquitos city, the capital of the Peruvian Amazon, was determined.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p><it>Plasmodium vivax </it>population structure was determined by multilocus genotyping with 16 microsatellites on 159 <it>P. vivax </it>infected blood samples (mono-infections) collected in four sites around Iquitos city. The population characteristics were assessed only in samples with monoclonal infections (n = 94), and the genetic diversity was determined by calculating the expected heterozygosity and allelic richness. Both linkage disequilibrium and the genetic differentiation (<it>θ</it>) were estimated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The proportion of polyclonal infections varied substantially by site (11% - 70%), with the expected heterozygosity ranging between 0.44 and 0.69; no haplotypes were shared between the different populations. Linkage disequilibrium was present in all populations (<it>I</it><sub>A</sub><sup>S </sup>0.14 - 0.61) but was higher in those with fewer polyclonal infections, suggesting inbreeding and a clonal population structure. Strong population differentiation (<it>θ </it>= 0.45) was found and the Bayesian inference cluster analysis identified six clusters based on distinctive allele frequencies.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The <it>P. vivax </it>populations circulating in the Peruvian Amazon basin are genetically diverse, strongly differentiated and they have a low effective recombination rate. These results are in line with the low and clustered pattern of malaria transmission observed in the region around Iquitos city.</p> |
url |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/151 |
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