Association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogs
Background There is an association between overweight status and life span in kenneled dogs, but a similar association has not been reported for pet dogs. Objectives To examine the effects of being overweight in middle age on the life span of neutered client‐owned dogs. Animals Fifty‐thousand seven‐...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15367 |
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doaj-e600591be4cc47fb99570c82782bcf1c2020-11-25T00:54:42ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762019-01-01331899910.1111/jvim.15367Association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogsCarina Salt0Penelope J. Morris1Derek Wilson2Elizabeth M. Lund3Alexander J. German4WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition Melton Mowbray United KingdomWALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition Melton Mowbray United KingdomWALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition Melton Mowbray United KingdomBANFIELD® Pet Hospitals Vancouver WA, USAInstitute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool Cheshire United KingdomBackground There is an association between overweight status and life span in kenneled dogs, but a similar association has not been reported for pet dogs. Objectives To examine the effects of being overweight in middle age on the life span of neutered client‐owned dogs. Animals Fifty‐thousand seven‐hundred eighty seven middle‐aged neutered client‐owned dogs attending a network of approximately 900 veterinary hospitals across North America. Methods Retrospective case‐control study. For each of 12 breeds, groups of dogs aged between 6.5 and 8.5 years were identified as being in “overweight” or “normal” body condition. Within each breed and sex, differences in life span between dogs in normal body condition and overweight body condition in the 2 groups were then analyzed by Cox proportional hazards models. Results For all breeds, instantaneous risk of death for dogs in overweight body condition was greater than those in normal body condition throughout the age range studied, with hazard ratios ranging from 1.35 (99.79% confidence interval [CI] 1.05‐1.73) for German Shepherd dog to 2.86 (99.79% CI 2.14‐3.83) for Yorkshire Terrier. In all breeds, median life span was shorter in overweight compared with normal weight dogs, with the difference being greatest in Yorkshire Terriers (overweight: 13.7 years, 99.79% CI 13.3‐14.2; normal: 16.2 years, 99.79% CI 15.7‐16.5) and least in German Shepherd dogs (overweight: 12.1 years, 99.79% CI 11.8‐12.4; normal: 12.5 years, 99.79% CI 12.2‐12.9). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Veterinary professionals should consider promoting healthy body condition for dogs, particularly from midlife onward.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15367caninelongevitynutritionobesitysurvival |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Carina Salt Penelope J. Morris Derek Wilson Elizabeth M. Lund Alexander J. German |
spellingShingle |
Carina Salt Penelope J. Morris Derek Wilson Elizabeth M. Lund Alexander J. German Association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogs Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine canine longevity nutrition obesity survival |
author_facet |
Carina Salt Penelope J. Morris Derek Wilson Elizabeth M. Lund Alexander J. German |
author_sort |
Carina Salt |
title |
Association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogs |
title_short |
Association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogs |
title_full |
Association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogs |
title_fullStr |
Association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogs |
title_sort |
association between life span and body condition in neutered client‐owned dogs |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
issn |
0891-6640 1939-1676 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
Background There is an association between overweight status and life span in kenneled dogs, but a similar association has not been reported for pet dogs. Objectives To examine the effects of being overweight in middle age on the life span of neutered client‐owned dogs. Animals Fifty‐thousand seven‐hundred eighty seven middle‐aged neutered client‐owned dogs attending a network of approximately 900 veterinary hospitals across North America. Methods Retrospective case‐control study. For each of 12 breeds, groups of dogs aged between 6.5 and 8.5 years were identified as being in “overweight” or “normal” body condition. Within each breed and sex, differences in life span between dogs in normal body condition and overweight body condition in the 2 groups were then analyzed by Cox proportional hazards models. Results For all breeds, instantaneous risk of death for dogs in overweight body condition was greater than those in normal body condition throughout the age range studied, with hazard ratios ranging from 1.35 (99.79% confidence interval [CI] 1.05‐1.73) for German Shepherd dog to 2.86 (99.79% CI 2.14‐3.83) for Yorkshire Terrier. In all breeds, median life span was shorter in overweight compared with normal weight dogs, with the difference being greatest in Yorkshire Terriers (overweight: 13.7 years, 99.79% CI 13.3‐14.2; normal: 16.2 years, 99.79% CI 15.7‐16.5) and least in German Shepherd dogs (overweight: 12.1 years, 99.79% CI 11.8‐12.4; normal: 12.5 years, 99.79% CI 12.2‐12.9). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Veterinary professionals should consider promoting healthy body condition for dogs, particularly from midlife onward. |
topic |
canine longevity nutrition obesity survival |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15367 |
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