Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration

Tooth loss or damage is a common problem affecting millions of people worldwide, and it results in significant impacts on one’s quality of life. Dental regeneration with the support of stem cell-containing scaffolds has emerged as an alternative treatment strategy for such cases. With this concept i...

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Main Authors: Yi-Ting Lin, Tuan-Ti Hsu, Yu-Wei Liu, Chia-Tze Kao, Tsui-Hsien Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-07-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/8/929
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spelling doaj-e63e399511d7497d8d58698433813f3c2021-08-26T13:32:46ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592021-07-01992992910.3390/biomedicines9080929Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic RegenerationYi-Ting Lin0Tuan-Ti Hsu1Yu-Wei Liu2Chia-Tze Kao3Tsui-Hsien Huang4School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwanx-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwanx-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, TaiwanSchool of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, TaiwanSchool of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, TaiwanTooth loss or damage is a common problem affecting millions of people worldwide, and it results in significant impacts on one’s quality of life. Dental regeneration with the support of stem cell-containing scaffolds has emerged as an alternative treatment strategy for such cases. With this concept in mind, we developed various concentrations of calcium silicate (CS) in a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) matrix and fabricated human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)-laden scaffolds via the use of a bioprinting technology in order to determine their feasibility in promoting odontogenesis. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy showed that the incorporation of CS increased the number of covalent bonds in the GelMa hydrogels. In addition, rheological analyses were conducted for the different concentrations of hydrogels to evaluate their sol–gel transition temperature. It was shown that incorporation of CS improved the printability and printing quality of the scaffolds. The printed CS-containing scaffolds were able to release silicate (Si) ions, which subsequently significantly enhanced the activation of signaling-related markers such as ERK and significantly improved the expression of odontogenic-related markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), and osteocalcin (OC). The calcium deposition assays were also significantly enhanced in the CS-containing scaffold. Our results demonstrated that CS/GelMa scaffolds were not only enhanced in terms of their physicochemical behaviors but the odontogenesis of the hDPSCs was also promoted as compared to GelMa scaffolds. These results demonstrated that CS/GelMa scaffolds can serve as cell-laden materials for future clinical applications and use in dentin regeneration.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/8/929calcium silicategelatin methacryloylodontogenesisbioprintingbioink
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Yi-Ting Lin
Tuan-Ti Hsu
Yu-Wei Liu
Chia-Tze Kao
Tsui-Hsien Huang
spellingShingle Yi-Ting Lin
Tuan-Ti Hsu
Yu-Wei Liu
Chia-Tze Kao
Tsui-Hsien Huang
Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration
Biomedicines
calcium silicate
gelatin methacryloyl
odontogenesis
bioprinting
bioink
author_facet Yi-Ting Lin
Tuan-Ti Hsu
Yu-Wei Liu
Chia-Tze Kao
Tsui-Hsien Huang
author_sort Yi-Ting Lin
title Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration
title_short Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration
title_full Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration
title_fullStr Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration
title_full_unstemmed Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration
title_sort bidirectional differentiation of human-derived stem cells induced by biomimetic calcium silicate-reinforced gelatin methacrylate bioink for odontogenic regeneration
publisher MDPI AG
series Biomedicines
issn 2227-9059
publishDate 2021-07-01
description Tooth loss or damage is a common problem affecting millions of people worldwide, and it results in significant impacts on one’s quality of life. Dental regeneration with the support of stem cell-containing scaffolds has emerged as an alternative treatment strategy for such cases. With this concept in mind, we developed various concentrations of calcium silicate (CS) in a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) matrix and fabricated human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)-laden scaffolds via the use of a bioprinting technology in order to determine their feasibility in promoting odontogenesis. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy showed that the incorporation of CS increased the number of covalent bonds in the GelMa hydrogels. In addition, rheological analyses were conducted for the different concentrations of hydrogels to evaluate their sol–gel transition temperature. It was shown that incorporation of CS improved the printability and printing quality of the scaffolds. The printed CS-containing scaffolds were able to release silicate (Si) ions, which subsequently significantly enhanced the activation of signaling-related markers such as ERK and significantly improved the expression of odontogenic-related markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), and osteocalcin (OC). The calcium deposition assays were also significantly enhanced in the CS-containing scaffold. Our results demonstrated that CS/GelMa scaffolds were not only enhanced in terms of their physicochemical behaviors but the odontogenesis of the hDPSCs was also promoted as compared to GelMa scaffolds. These results demonstrated that CS/GelMa scaffolds can serve as cell-laden materials for future clinical applications and use in dentin regeneration.
topic calcium silicate
gelatin methacryloyl
odontogenesis
bioprinting
bioink
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/8/929
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