Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review
Hypertension is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and subsequent risk of cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Thus, the search for new antihypertensive compounds remains of great interest. Snake venoms provide an abundant source of lead molecules that affect the cardio...
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doaj-e66f5c92581c442bb4cf4a5fa4c6e0bf2020-11-24T22:15:15ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-07-012415277810.3390/molecules24152778molecules24152778Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-ReviewOrsolya Péterfi0Francisc Boda1Zoltán Szabó2Elek Ferencz3László Bába4Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540139 Tirgu Mures, RomaniaDepartment of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540139 Tirgu Mures, RomaniaDepartment of Specialty Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540139 Tirgu Mures, RomaniaFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540139 Tirgu Mures, RomaniaDepartment of Specialty Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540139 Tirgu Mures, RomaniaHypertension is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and subsequent risk of cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Thus, the search for new antihypertensive compounds remains of great interest. Snake venoms provide an abundant source of lead molecules that affect the cardiovascular system, which makes them prominent from a pharmaceutical perspective. Such snake venom components include bradykinin potentiating peptides (proline-rich oligopeptides), natriuretic peptides, phospholipases A<sub>2</sub>, serine-proteases and vascular endothelial growth factors. Some heparin binding hypotensive factors, three-finger toxins and 5′ nucleotidases can also exert blood pressure lowering activity. Great advances have been made during the last decade regarding the understanding of the mechanism of action of these hypotensive proteins. Bradykinin potentiating peptides exert their action primarily by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme and increasing the effect of endogenous bradykinin. Snake venom phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> are capable of reducing blood pressure through the production of arachidonic acid, a precursor of cyclooxygenase metabolites (prostaglandins or prostacyclin). Other snake venom proteins mimic the effects of endogenous kallikrein, natriuretic peptides or vascular endothelial growth factors. The aim of this work was to review the current state of knowledge regarding snake venom components with potential antihypertensive activity and their mechanisms of action.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/15/2778snake venomhypotensive peptidesbradykinin potentiating peptidesnatriuretic peptidesphospholipases A<sub>2</sub> |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Orsolya Péterfi Francisc Boda Zoltán Szabó Elek Ferencz László Bába |
spellingShingle |
Orsolya Péterfi Francisc Boda Zoltán Szabó Elek Ferencz László Bába Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review Molecules snake venom hypotensive peptides bradykinin potentiating peptides natriuretic peptides phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> |
author_facet |
Orsolya Péterfi Francisc Boda Zoltán Szabó Elek Ferencz László Bába |
author_sort |
Orsolya Péterfi |
title |
Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review |
title_short |
Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review |
title_full |
Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review |
title_fullStr |
Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review |
title_sort |
hypotensive snake venom components—a mini-review |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2019-07-01 |
description |
Hypertension is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and subsequent risk of cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Thus, the search for new antihypertensive compounds remains of great interest. Snake venoms provide an abundant source of lead molecules that affect the cardiovascular system, which makes them prominent from a pharmaceutical perspective. Such snake venom components include bradykinin potentiating peptides (proline-rich oligopeptides), natriuretic peptides, phospholipases A<sub>2</sub>, serine-proteases and vascular endothelial growth factors. Some heparin binding hypotensive factors, three-finger toxins and 5′ nucleotidases can also exert blood pressure lowering activity. Great advances have been made during the last decade regarding the understanding of the mechanism of action of these hypotensive proteins. Bradykinin potentiating peptides exert their action primarily by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme and increasing the effect of endogenous bradykinin. Snake venom phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> are capable of reducing blood pressure through the production of arachidonic acid, a precursor of cyclooxygenase metabolites (prostaglandins or prostacyclin). Other snake venom proteins mimic the effects of endogenous kallikrein, natriuretic peptides or vascular endothelial growth factors. The aim of this work was to review the current state of knowledge regarding snake venom components with potential antihypertensive activity and their mechanisms of action. |
topic |
snake venom hypotensive peptides bradykinin potentiating peptides natriuretic peptides phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/15/2778 |
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