Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes
The problems related to the increase in the generation of discarded tires demonstrate the need for profitable, efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable processes for their waste management. In particular, the valorization of pyrolytic solids for energy storage applications is of interest. In this...
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doaj-e7814932bb664244a54153d04fc2e4302021-07-23T13:29:16ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-07-01116342634210.3390/app11146342Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation ProcessesReyna Berenice González-González0Nadia Ruiz-Gómez1Gloria Gea2Matias Vazquez-Pinon3Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa4Porfirio Caballero5Alberto Mendoza6Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, MexicoAragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, Edificio I+D, C/Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainAragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, Edificio I+D, C/Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainTecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, MexicoTecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, MexicoTecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, MexicoTecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, MexicoThe problems related to the increase in the generation of discarded tires demonstrate the need for profitable, efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable processes for their waste management. In particular, the valorization of pyrolytic solids for energy storage applications is of interest. In this study, four processes were performed: (1) pyrolysis; (2) chemical activation and pyrolysis; (3) pyrolysis and physical activation; and (4) chemical activation, pyrolysis, and physical activation. The process consisting of chemical activation, pyrolysis, and physical activation yielded 52% solid material with the highest electrical conductivity (2.43 Ω<sup>–1</sup> cm<sup>–1</sup>) and a surface area of 339 m<sup>2</sup>/g with an average pore size of 3.6 nm. In addition, it was found that pore size had a greater effect on the conductivity than surface area. Liquid and gas fraction compositions were modified by the presence of chemical activation: aromatization reactions were favored, and limonene was not observed in the liquid fraction, while an increase on the CH<sub>4</sub> concentration caused an increment in the heating value of the gas fraction. It was demonstrated that chemical and physical activation enhance the properties of the pyrolytic solid product derived from waste tires that make it suitable for the partial substitution of materials for electric energy storage applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/14/6342pyrolysischemical activationphysical activationwaste tires |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Reyna Berenice González-González Nadia Ruiz-Gómez Gloria Gea Matias Vazquez-Pinon Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa Porfirio Caballero Alberto Mendoza |
spellingShingle |
Reyna Berenice González-González Nadia Ruiz-Gómez Gloria Gea Matias Vazquez-Pinon Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa Porfirio Caballero Alberto Mendoza Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes Applied Sciences pyrolysis chemical activation physical activation waste tires |
author_facet |
Reyna Berenice González-González Nadia Ruiz-Gómez Gloria Gea Matias Vazquez-Pinon Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa Porfirio Caballero Alberto Mendoza |
author_sort |
Reyna Berenice González-González |
title |
Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes |
title_short |
Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes |
title_full |
Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes |
title_fullStr |
Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Valorization of Waste Tires by Pyrolysis and Activation Processes |
title_sort |
valorization of waste tires by pyrolysis and activation processes |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Applied Sciences |
issn |
2076-3417 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
The problems related to the increase in the generation of discarded tires demonstrate the need for profitable, efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable processes for their waste management. In particular, the valorization of pyrolytic solids for energy storage applications is of interest. In this study, four processes were performed: (1) pyrolysis; (2) chemical activation and pyrolysis; (3) pyrolysis and physical activation; and (4) chemical activation, pyrolysis, and physical activation. The process consisting of chemical activation, pyrolysis, and physical activation yielded 52% solid material with the highest electrical conductivity (2.43 Ω<sup>–1</sup> cm<sup>–1</sup>) and a surface area of 339 m<sup>2</sup>/g with an average pore size of 3.6 nm. In addition, it was found that pore size had a greater effect on the conductivity than surface area. Liquid and gas fraction compositions were modified by the presence of chemical activation: aromatization reactions were favored, and limonene was not observed in the liquid fraction, while an increase on the CH<sub>4</sub> concentration caused an increment in the heating value of the gas fraction. It was demonstrated that chemical and physical activation enhance the properties of the pyrolytic solid product derived from waste tires that make it suitable for the partial substitution of materials for electric energy storage applications. |
topic |
pyrolysis chemical activation physical activation waste tires |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/14/6342 |
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